Similarities And Differences Between Societies
Societies are dependent upon the trends and policies put forward by the governments at one side and by the impacts of the economics on the other side. The dictation for the transition of societies into one form to another originates from the domestic and international mode of trade. Countries are divided into different types of societies based on their cultural and social precedence in addition to issues that prevail according to the dependence on certain economical aspects. This paper will analyze three major types of societies that have prevailed in recent decades. The analysis will include similarities and differences between these societies and how these societal aspects emphasize role of humans in the future.
Post-Industrial Society is a society in which the economy becomes dependent upon the service. This critically means that the economy is dependent upon the services that are provided by different people in different walks of like. According to George Ritzer (2007) the service based economy is transited from the manufacturing based economy. Different aspects of manufacturing based economy become useless over time because of certain trends which created changing in the whole system. In Post-Industrial Society, the service provisions are preferred as they provide more and better opportunities as the conventional jobs become less. Daniel Bell (1974) described this concept with conviction and was the first to analyze what actually was happening during this transitional period. He stated (1974) that because of privatization and globalization that is becoming a trend, the shifting will increase over time because it provides so much promise to the dwellers of the society. He also depicted (1974) that only two countries are industrialized which are USSR and USA and because of their influence in the world, their transition from manufacturing based economy towards service based economy will shape various other societies in the world as well. Though the difference between their politics and culture are there, however, they both will prevail in the modern societies effectively.
According to George Ritzer (2007) a post-industrial society observed certain changes as it moved away from industrial society. He described that in this society more emphasis is given upon providing personal knowledge as service. The skills that someone has learnt over time are used individually for a better financial prospect. The person is not reluctant to work for the manufacturing plant like that of the garments but rather prefers selling hamburgers. The education with theory plays an important role and research activities increases. The practical knowledge sometimes is not even required as the manufacturing or other types of jobs are outsourced. This society also seek to assess the role of modern technology, better equipments for monitoring purposes are made such as to observe natural threats like twisters and earthquakes and artificial threats like uncontrolled generation of nuclear power and such other disasters. The freelance jobs become very common because it provides ease and offers more. The occupations preference also changes as computer programmers and electrical engineers become more and more popular. One important aspect of this society is its advancement in innovative technology. The emphasis is always put upon on how to create easiness for the people. The innovations like mobile technology and internet are the backbone of this society which has been transited from the space knowledge, now limited to certain government departments.
Veneris also studied the work of Bell during the 1980s and had much of the same opinion as Bell about the post-industrial society. However, according to him (1990) the term post-industrialism is something that misguides. In fact, he stated (1984), that by using this term this whole new concept of society becomes limited. He stated (1984) that post-industrial society just describes that it is the time after the industrial society but vanishes the fact that it offers much more.
The post-industrial society therefore emphasize on the services to mankind. The governments look to enhance the way of living to the people. They facilitate by allowing people to get better educational and health facilities. The security, information exchange and other facts makes this society a best place for the people as they always get what they desire. Their rights are always intact and they are sure to get them.
Information Society is considered as close to the post-industrial society. Information society is purely dependent on the information exchange through various modes and impacts greatly to shape the political and cultural aspects. Like post-industrial society, information society also originated after the Second World War, though the principle advancement that is seen information society was never in the past as it is currently now. In information society, the use of information is considered as the mode of generating capital. The use, manipulation, integration, diffusion and distribution of information are considered as the main aspects of this society.
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