Islamic Morals And Ethics
Islam is a religion which is articulated in the Quran.Quran is a holy book which contains verbatim word of Allah (God) and by Prophet Muhammad. Islam as a word has several meanings including; (salaam) which means peace, surrender or submission to God. Religious practices are based on the five pillars of Islam, its laws cover all aspects of a Muslim lifestyle from dietary laws to the Jihad (Holy War).Most of the Muslims are divided into two denominations the Sunni who forms the largest percentage and the Shias (Joseph Tragert, p69).
Muslims believes in God and his revelations. They also believe in his messengers, the angels and the judgment day. God final message was revealed to humanity through his prophet Muhammad and his archangel Gabriel. Muslims believes that prophets are men selected by God to deliver his messages and that they are human not divine though sometimes they can perform miracles. Muslim prophets are closest to the perfection of the human race and therefore the recipients of Gods divine revelation either directly from God or through his angels. Muhammad is considered to be the last prophet and the Quran is the book with the revelations he received from Allah. The message of Islam is the Submission to the will of God, which is brought to the world by the descendants of Abraham and Imran; therefore, Islam is the supreme order upon which God created human race. It is believed that it is Abraham who came up with the name Muslim.
Allah is God in the Muslim faith and he is uncomprehensible. Muslims are supposed to worship Allah and not try to visualize him. They reject the trinity of God while Christians acknowledge it. However, the Muslims consider it as polytheism. God is only one, enternal and absolute. He does not sire children, and he was not sired.Quran is the central religious text of Muslims which was revealed to Muhammad through angel Gabriel. It consists of the Islamic principles which are mostly based on legal instructions and moral guidance. Belief in angels is vital to Islam faith; the angels do not posses any free will but exercise their duty in total obedience and worship God. They communicate Gods revelations to man and intercede on man behalf’s among other duties.
Resurrection and judgment day is part and parcel of Muslim faith. This day is unknown to any man and is preordained by God. Muslim believes in bodily resurrection which will be followed by gathering of the human race for their judgment by God. Allah, has the control of all that occurs and that which will occur. This is the belief in predestination and free will. Man has the ability to choose between what is right and wrong and thus he is responsible for his actions.
The five pillars of Islam are vital for the individual’s practice of the religious faith. These five pillars includes: the shahadah which is a testimony that there is none worthy of worship except God and that Muhammad is the Messenger of God. This is a basis for all other beliefs and practices of Islamic religion. It must be repeated in prayer, and non-Muslims wishing to convert to Islam are required to recite it. Salah, this is a ritual prayer, performed five times every day, it is done facing towards the Mecca. It is as a personal communication with God expressing gratitude and worship.The prayers are recited in the Arabic language, and consist of verses from the Quran Alms-giving (Halim, pp24). A fixed portion of ones accumulated wealth is spent to help the poor or needy, and also to assist the spread of Islam. It is considered a religious obligation and not a charitable act. Fasting. This is to encourage a feeling of nearness to God, and during it Muslims should express their gratitude for and dependence on him, a tone for their past sins, and think of the needy. The pilgrimage to Mecca is not compulsory to everyone, however, Muslims who are well up and able to afford it must make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in his or her lifetime. The ritual includes walking seven times around the Kaaba, and stoning the Devil in Mina. After this one is honored in his or her community (Hoose, pp27)
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