Precision Farming Is A Very Important Term Among Agricultural Engineers
Precision farming is a very important term among agricultural engineers, farm managers and all the interested players involved in the cultivation of rice (cultivo arroz) and other crops. Essentially at the core of precision farming is the management and study of all variables down to the smallest measurement level possible. Instead of studying yields, sowing, chemical applications etc at the hectare acre or farm level, precision farming attempts to monitor the variables down to the square foot or meter. On a relatively new agricultural concept this science depends which is called “In Field variability.”
What lies at the heart of precision farming application is a commitment to a higher level of management intensity. In a short span of time like overnight with the purchase of your first GPS unit or yield monitor precision farming does not take place. Instead precision farming takes place over time with considered professionals often competing against inflexible customs or cultural practices. By and weeding out what works and what does not experts in this field like Agricultura Cientifica SA have spent these years in the field testing new products.
Having the greatest impact in the next ten decades are the two technologies which are Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS). Along with GIS and GPS there have appeared a wide range of sensors, monitors and controllers for agricultural equipment such as shaft monitors, pressure transducers and servo motors. Together they will enable farmers to use electronic guidance aids to direct equipment movements more accurately, provide precise positioning for all equipment actions and chemical applications and, analyze all of that data in association with other sources of data (agronomic, climatic, etc). Consisting of management tools the progressive farm manager this will add up to a new and powerful toolbox.
Being tested on only one or the other precision farming should not be thought of as only yield mapping and variable rate fertilizer application. Affecting the entire production function of the farm precision farming technologies work. Adaptation of these new and improved techniques should be done by management.
The information gathered completely can be used to more precisely evaluate optimum sowing density, estimate fertilizers and other inputs needs, and to more accurately predict crop yields. It tries to ignore applying inflexible practices to a crop, regardless of local soil/climate conditions and In a better way it helps to assess local situations of disease or lodging. Farmers gain some other important benefits such as the farmer may be to help establish a history of his/her farm practices and results along with assisting in decision making and traceability requirements (as increasingly required in developed countries).
Farmers can easily survey their land with the help of Satellites. RTK technology actually provides location data to within a few centimeters, where as Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers can provide location data on the order of one meter or less within fields . Thereby, GPS and associated precision age technology can provide a series of GIS maps or layers that demonstrate which fields are moist or dry, and where there is erosion of soil and other soil factors that impact crop growth. To automatically regulate the machine application of seed, fertilizer, pesticide or other inputs, the data can be utilized by the farmer[2].
Mainstream farmers who are trying to maximize profits by spending money only in areas that require fertilizer along with the American Midwest (US), it is associated not with sustainable agriculture . Using this practice the farmer can vary the rate of fertilizer across the field according to the need identified by GPS guided Grid or Zone Sampling. Spreading fertilizers in areas that need it instead of the ones that don’t can ensure optimal usage.
Improving a field or farm management from several perspectives, as below, is possible through precision farming:
* agronomical perspective: cultural practices adjustment in order to take into account the real needs of the crop (e.g., better fertilization management)
* technical perspective: better time management at the farm level (e.g. planning of agricultural activity)
* environmental perspective: better estimation of crop nitrogen needs implying limitation of nitrogen run-off – i.e. reduction of agricultural impacts
* economical perspective: increase of the output and/or reduction of the input, increase of efficiency (e.g., lower cost of nitrogen fertilization practice)
Some of the other benefits for the farmers may include assisting in decision making and traceability requirements apart from helping establish a history of his/her farm practices and results (as increasingly required in developed countries)
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