Chinese Momordica of Chemical Composition and Processing – Momordica, medicine – pharmaceutical industries
Chinese Momordica Cucurbitaceae Momordica to Momordicacochinchinensis (Lour.) Spr. The dry mature seeds, only contained in the song "Open Bao Materia Medica", with Sanjiexiaozhong, challenge the effectiveness of treatment and sore, can be used to treat Sores swelling drug, mastitis, M. scrofulaceum, hemorrhoids, psoriasis, bald sore embolism [1]. Momordica in China mainly distributed in Guangxi, Sichuan, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces [2], the majority of provinces in the south has cultivated. Momordica is blindly toxic Chinese herbal medicines , Study it at home and abroad are few in its active ingredients, and mechanism of toxic sites is not very clear, it is necessary to carry out research work in this area. This article Momordica current research status were investigated.
1 Identification of the original plant and
Momordica a perennial herbaceous vine, roots stems and leaves 3 to 5 palmate lobed or deeply lobed, wide oval fruit, large seeds like a little turtle shell-shaped, so it is called wood turtle. Momordica also known as civil turtle, the name of the product can easily be confused with loganic. "Materia Medica truth" are: "there are two kinds of Momordica, a civil turtle shells, a shell loganic." Momordica seed was flat and round, and the middle of a little bulge, there are two relatively marginal The jagged protrusions, all shaped like turtle. Depression of the textured surface. Shell broken, there are films with a gray-green fluffy seed kernel [3]. Loganic was Loganiaceae plant Marchand Strychnosnux-vomicaL. Or money StrychnospierrianaA.W.Hill Yunnan horses mature seeds, seeds were round, often side uplift, one side slightly concave, shaped like a button, dense hair, because like horse with money, so there Strychni known.
Of Momordica powder characteristics are: great shape stone cells, and stellate cell connection, irregular extension of boundaries less is clear, wavy curved wall, a clear pattern, grooves not obvious [3].
Zouqi Li et al [4] on Momordica pollen scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, and compared with Mangosteen, bitter gourd, Henan pollen morphology of red and other differences, have differential significance. Studies on chemical constituents
2 Momordica Momordica saponin with sketch maps (momordin), was generated after hydrolysis of oleanolic acid and sugar. Methanol will Momordica Extract And 50% of the methanol extracts with butanol water distribution, water layer of polystyrene resin purification and separation using reverse phase chromatography, the result of two kinds of saponin , , in plants to form carboxylic acid salts [5]. Kuo Ming-Chuan [6] were determined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry the molecular weight of Momordica saponin, and through 3 different ways of multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry combined with some alcohol solutions of saponin and sapogenin of MS products, and further confirmed the reported Momordica saponin structure of the proposed mechanism of saponins by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Business Huijuan Deng [7] will of Momordica saponin to acid hydrolysis, get second-class glycosides ,3-o-6 '-o-methyl- -D-glucuronide silk pink glycoside (3-o-6' -o-methyl- -D-glucuronopyranosideofgypsogenin), and HPLC determination was carried out at levels around 0.15%.
Kan with Di et al [8] The fatty oil from Momordica isolated and identified seven compounds were kirilowii Jen diol, different kirilowii Jen diol, 5 – diol dehydrogenation kirilowii Jen, 7 – Jen kirilowii oxo-dihydro-diol, -sitosterol, stigmasterol -7 – en-3 ol, stigmasterol -7,22 – dien-3 alcohol compounds. And prove that the seeds of Cucurbitaceae with some of the same chemical composition.
Momordica seed kernel oil is about 41.2% fatty oil contains 29.02% of the -palmitic acid ( -eleostearicacid) components [9,10]. Xu-Guang Ding applications such as GC / MS spectrometer, fatty oil from Momordica, 14 fatty acids were identified, accounting for the total fatty acid content of 89.32%, 7 of unsaturated fatty acids, accounting for 41.91% of total fatty acids. Momordica unsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid (19.85%), (Z) -13 – 18 (C) acid (21.62%), 11 – 20 (C) acid (2.10%) mainly [ 11,12].
Momordica there are trehalose (mgcose) [13], -spinach sterols ( -spinasterol) [14], Momordica acid (momordicacid) [15], oleanolic acid (oleanolicacid), sterol (sterol) [15], wood turtle glycoprotein [16,17], Amino acids And proteins. 1987, Hin-Wing Yeung from Momordica distinguishing one kind of root in the induction of labor activity with a wooden turtle root protein (momorcochin) [18]. In 1989, Bolognesiandrea [19] isolated from Momordica out a ribosome inactivating protein (momorcochins), the molecular weight of 30,000, is considered the root of protein momorcochin isomers. In 1992, Master Cheng et al [20] isolated from Momordica a kind of single-chain ribosome inactivating protein, known as Momordica hormone (cochinchinin), molecular weight of 29,000. Xiu-Qin Wang et al [21] will Momordica defatted flour extract with phosphate buffer, extract with ammonium sulfate, the precipitate dissolved in water on the cation exchange resin and gel, and purified to a single component of Momordica factors.
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