Weiwen Kai: China Radio Film and Television Industry Transformation Problem – radio and television, industry, restructured – HC Network broadcasting industry
Weiwen Kai Senior Engineer, Gansu Province, the chief editor of Radio, Film and TV Headquarters, Deputy Director
Radio Film and Television Industry in China reform and development, first and foremost is the planned economy system, radio and television industry, the changing nature of part of the cause of the nature of the enterprise, and then change to a modern enterprise system. This will be China's reform and development of Radio Film and Television Industry crucial breakthrough in the system. Into enterprises, it has become a year the CPC Central Committee, State Council issued "Some Opinions on deepening reform of cultural system" in the core composition. This established the basis for radio and television industry the concept of transformation and its basic structure and implementation of key points of set.
1, radio and television industry, the basic concept of conversion
(A) of the broadcast television industry, the meaning of transformation
Conversion is to facilitate adjustment of economic structure, ownership, distribution structure and consumption structure for the investment system, management system and operation mechanism of the conversion. Conversion into enterprises of the state-owned radio and television, essentially Chinese characteristics, China's economy from a planned to a market, enterprise management from the traditional to modern enterprise system and the inevitable demand.
Our radio and television industry restructuring, first of all the business will be allowed to strip out the nature of the business changed ownership, and asset and business ties, establishing a modern property rights system and modern enterprise system, improve the corporate governance structure , separation of ownership and management to implement their own decisions, self-financing, according to tax. Radio and television industry can be transformed into state-owned enterprises or joint-stock enterprises.
(B) of the broadcast television industry, the motives for conversion
1, eliminate the administrative Radio and television administrative monopoly is the government administrative departments under the direct management industry, Television broadcasting industry, the government is both the owner of radio and television, but also its operators.
Under "control theory" and "government control of capture theory," an administrative monopoly, Separation of the circumstances, was captured by the degree of business will be even greater. Government regulators are assumed to be purely "economic man", who control the motive is, of course, as officials search for jobs promotion, but only to achieve "maximum individual interests," an important tool. Regulators of information superiority and regulation department of the supervision and management functions of the industry makes the monitoring body the right to act with the camera, and control in the small transaction costs, can easily use various means to divide monopoly profits. Both for the beneficiaries of monopoly profits, they will control activities through the creation of monopoly profits for the business service. As long as the government regulator does not affect the interest shared by his office and the future, who controls this "rent seeking" and with the complicity of corporate parties concerned is worth it. On the contrary, if the separation between government and enterprises, they conspire to increase the transaction costs of public welfare losses will be reduced. In the government and enterprises, a high degree of unity of things under the system of enterprises, enterprise is not the real substantive business, it is essentially just an appendage of government agencies, businesses do not have a management decision to carry out a flexible market-oriented business activities autonomy, not the pursuit of cost minimization to achieve the most profitable power, as an operating loss of financial compensation by the government, but there is no risk of any operation, so the low efficiency of enterprises is a common phenomenon.
Separation of the virtual home ownership also means that produce multiple client problems. Separation of the natural monopolies lead to a lack of clear property rights in virtual property or home state, the control of the asset is actually from the different levels of government departments to implement, even in the same level of government departments, but also may result from several the implementation of the various departments at the same time control. Those policies, resulting in a typical multi-client problem, slow decision-making process, lack of transparency. Under the theory of multiple clients, multiple clients will have to provide incentives or supervised "free rider" problem. Any department is looking to other departments to provide incentives to enterprises or supervision, and their incentives or supervision in order to save costs, not to provide incentives or monitoring, resulting in insufficient strength or supervision of the density incentive is not enough.
Radio and television industry, the nature of the existing institutions are the main disadvantages: party, political affairs, Separation of the Government, seems excessive administrative intervention. The media, the government often support not live, tube well, hand tightly; on the government, the media often do not cored, disobedience, do not take the initiative.
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