Crucial minute
Crucial minute
Early-warning systems are of particular importance. Japan has the world’s most sophisticated system,Belstaff Uk Sale, with 1000 seismometers scattered about the country: it gave some people nearly a minute’s notice before the recent earthquake struck their towns, and probably saved many lives. Such systems work by detecting relatively harmless seismic P-waves, which ripple through the Earth at great speeds ahead of the slower – but far more damaging – S-waves.
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The report also recommends involving the public in planning earthquake response measures,Tory Burch Low Heels, because this could help to provide people with information that could save their lives. In the November 2008 Great Southern California ShakeOut more than 5.5 million citizens, 5000 emergency responders and disaster recovery agents – and 300 scientists – participated in a drill that modelled what would happen during and after a magnitude 7.8-earthquake on the southernmost 300 kilometres of the San Andreas fault. The ShakeOut scenario estimated that an earthquake of that size would cause over 1800 deaths, 50,000 injuries and $200 billion in damage and other losses – and stands as a dramatic call to action to prepare for the real thing.
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William Ellsworth of the Earthquake Science Center in Menlo Park, California, points out that most US cities are now much better prepared for a massive earthquake than San Francisco was in 1906 – but, crucially, preparedness is not uniform, even within each city. “The building codes we have in US today are pretty good, but lots of smaller structures are not covered by those codes and neither are older buildings.”
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