InterCity 125 – Slurry Pump EHM – china Mortar Pump EZJ
Background and Design
Main articles: British Rail Class 43 (HST) and British Rail Mark 3
An InterCity 125 consists of two Class 43 diesel-electric power cars and a set of Mark 3 coaches (typically 8 or 9). Normally there are two types of HST sets, 8+2 (5 standard class, 1 buffet, 2 first class) and 9+2 (6 standard class, 1 buffet, 2 first class), where the +2 refers to the power cars at each end of the formation.
Key features of the design are the high power-to-weight ratio of the locomotives (1678 kW per ~70-tonne loco), which were purpose-built for high speed passenger travel, improved crashworthiness over previous models, and bi-directional running avoiding the need for a locomotive to run around at terminating stations.
The concept of the HST dates from the late 1960s. British Rail decided to pursue a parallel approach to future express trains. To complement the advanced technology tilting train project APT-E, being developed by the Research Division in Derby, it was decided in 1970 to build two lightweight 125 mph (201 km/h) capable Bo-Bo locomotives, to top and tail a rake of the new 23-metre-long Mark 3 coaches. These trains would be designed by the Chief Mechanical and Electrical Engineer’s Department, also in Derby, and were intended as a stop-gap until the APT was proven.
The prototype train of seven coaches and two locomotives was completed in August 1972. By the autumn it was running trials on the main line and in May 1973 the prototype, now designated Class 252, set a world diesel speed record of 143.2 mph (230.5 km/h). The concept was proven during trial running between 1973 and 1976, and British Rail decided to build 27 production HSTs to transform Inter City services between London Paddington, Bristol, and South Wales.
Production
The first production power car, numbered 43002, was delivered in 1976, with a significantly different appearance from the prototype. The streamlined front end lacked conventional buffers and the drawgear was hidden under a cowling. The single cab window was much larger than the prototype, and there was no driving position at the inner end.
Deliveries continued through 1976, and in October a partial service of HSTs running at 125 mph (201 km/h) began on the Western Region. A radical update of the standard BR livery on the power cars was complemented by the ‘Inter-City 125’ branding, which also appeared on timetables and promotional literature. By the start of the summer timetable in May 1977, the full complement of 27 Class 253 sets (253001 253027) was in service on the Western Region, completely replacing locomotive-hauled trains on the Bristol and South Wales routes. Usage of the trains rapidly increased due to the speed and frequency of the service, an effect previously only seen when electric trains had replaced diesel or steam services. The displacement by HSTs of the British Rail Class 50 locomotives to slower services effectively finished off the last ‘Western’ diesel hydraulics Class 52 by early 1977.
The production of Class 254 continued through 1977 for East Coast Main Line services. Initially, British Rail planned to fit uprated 2,500 bhp (1,900 kW) Valentas to these longer HSTs, but this plan was shelved as the intensive running on the Western Region began to result in a high level of engine failures, often due to inadequate cooling; for a while, the WR power cars were derated to 2,000 bhp (1,500 kW). The Class 254s began to work important ECML expresses such as the Flying Scotsman from the summer timetable in May 1978. Within a year they had displaced the Deltics to lesser workings and reduced the journey time to Edinburgh by up to an hour.
Production of HSTs continued until 1982, allowing them to take over services from London to the West Country, many Cross-Country express trains, and finally the Midland Main Line. Ninety-five HST sets including 197 Class 43 powercars were built between 1976 and 1982. More Mark 3 trailer cars were built in the 1980s for the Western Region Class 253s, making them eight-car rakes in common with those used on East Coast and Midland Main Line services. During the 1990s only the Cross-Country sets remained as seven-car rakes, with just one First Class carriage.
The Intercity service overall had become a vast success for British Rail.
Introduction of units
Until the HST’s introduction, the maximum speed of British trains was limited to 100 mph (160 km/h). The HST allowed a 25% increase in service speeds along many lines they operated. British Rail initially used the fleet starting in 1976 on the Great Western Main Line, on the East Coast Main Line, on the Cross Country Route and latterly on the Midland Main Line, serving destinations such as London, Bristol, Edinburgh, as far south as Penzance and as far north as Aberdeen and Inverness. Not only did the HST bring considerable improvements in service upon the railways, British Rail entered a period of active marketing which happened to accompany and support the train’s success.
The lighter axle loading allowed the trains to travel faster than conventional services along lines not suited to full-speed running, such as the Edinburgh to Aberdeen line. Known as HST differential speeds, coupled with superior acceleration capability over older locomotives, this allowed substantial cuts in journey times over these lines. The increased speed, rapid acceleration and deceleration of the HST made it ideal for passenger use. The prototype InterCity 125 (power cars 43000 and 43001) set the world record for diesel traction at 143 mph (230 km/h) on 12 June 1973. An HST also holds the world speed record for a diesel train carrying passengers. On 27 September 1985, a special press run for the launch of a new Tees-Tyne Pullman service from Newcastle to London King’s Cross, formed of a shortened 2+5 set, briefly touched 144 mph (232 km/h) north of York. The world record for the fastest diesel-powered train, a speed of 148 mph (238 km/h), was set by an HST on 1 November 1987, while descending Stoke Bank with a test run for a new type of bogie – later to be used under the Mk4 coaches used on the same route.
Regions and Operators
South West England and South Wales
HST on a London to Penzance service in the 1970s in BR Blue livery
On Western Region, InterCity 125 trains (designated class 253) were introduced initially for all services from London to Bristol and South Wales, and then extended for most day-time services from London to Devon and Cornwall.
The Class 47 locomotives still operated the cross country services from Cornwall and South Wales to the Northeast via the West Coast Main Line, as well as London to the Midlands/Welsh Marches. However, Class 43s also replaced these services once the third batch of power cars was delivered. All of these HSTs consisted of a 2+8 formation, normally with two first class carriages, a buffet car and then five second class carriages, all sandwiched between two power cars.
First Great Western HST power car
Great Western Trains was formed out of the privatisation of British Rail and operated the Intercity routes from London Paddington to the west of England. In 1998 FirstGroup acquired Great Western Trains and rebranded it First Great Western, InterCity 125s continued to work the same diagrams they had under British Rail, albeit in a different livery. Between 2001 and 2009 the HSTs were supplemented by British Rail Class 180 DMUs, but these have since been returned to the leasing company as they proved less reliable than the older HST.
First Great Western use their large fleet of 43 HST sets to operate most long-distance services from Paddington to destinations such as Swindon, Bristol, Cardiff, Swansea, Cheltenham, Oxford, Worcester, Hereford, Plymouth and Penzance. As of 2009 all express services in the South West region are performed by HST’s with the exception of some sleeper services.
From 2005 the First Great Western HST’s were re-engined with MTU power units. At the same time as the overhaul they refurbished the coaches. Units for services in the M4 corridor/Thames Valley to Bristol, Hereford, Oxford, Exeter and Cardiff were converted into a high-density layout of mostly airline seats (only two tables per carriage): This was to provide more seats for commuters. The remainder (for the routes to Swansea and the West Country) kept the tables.
The refurbished carriages have new seating (leather in first class), at-seat power points and a redesigned buffet bar.
Eastern England / Scotland
HST set in Hull Paragon station 1982
On the East Coast Main Line, the InterCity 125 designated Class 254 was the staple stock from the retirement of the Class 55 locomotives in 19801982 to the introduction of the Intercity 225 following electrification in 1990.
The basic East Coast (ECML) formation was originally 2+8, increased to 2+9 in 2002 when extra stock became available. The ECML formation is nominally two first class carriages, one buffet (with further 1st Class seating) and five (later six) standard-class carriages, sandwiched between the buffet and power car.
For a few years, formations included a TRUK (trailer restaurant kitchen) and Buffet car, many formations being 4xTS, TRUK, Buffet, 2 x TF. Nine trailer car units followed this formation, with the addition of a TS. ‘Pullman’ services replace a TS with an additional first-class coach.
GNER liveried HST at Kings Cross
After privatisation InterCity sets were operated by GNER, alongside electric InterCity 225 units from London to Newcastle and Edinburgh, as well as beyond the electrified sections (or where British Rail Class 91s cannot operate due to route availability restrictions) such as services to Hull, Skipton, Harrogate, Inverness and Aberdeen.
In January 2007 the first of GNER’s 13 refurbished HSTs was unveiled, with the coaches rebuilt to the same ‘Mallard’ standard as its InterCity 225 electric sets with similar seating, lighting, carpets and buffet cars. Members of this fleet which have been refurbished have had 200 added to their original numbers. The power cars were upgraded with MTU engines. The first of the HST Mallards was in service by Spring 2007.
National Express liveried HST set
In 2007 the franchise was taken over by National Express East Coast, who continued the re-engining program begun by GNER, and completed the refurbishment of the fleet in March 2009. Two power cars were transferred to First Great Western early in 2009. The final Mallard-upgraded Mark 3 coaches entered service with NXEC in October 2009.
On 1 July 2009 following an announcement by the National Express Group that it refused to provide further financial support to its subsidiary National Express East Coast. The NXEC franchise ceased on 13 November 2009, and the operation of the route returned to public ownership.
As a result the 13 sets are now operated by Department of Transport operator East Coast(as of late 2009).
London to Sunderland
Grand Central HST set
In 2006, Grand Central Railway obtained six Class 43 Power Cars to operate its London-Sunderland passenger service via the East Coast Main Line.
The service was due to begin in December 2006 although upgrade work to enable the coaching stock (which was formerly used for locomotive-hauled services and has a different electric heating/power supply system) to operate with Class 43 powercars was heavily delayed and therefore pushed the starting date back to 18 December 2007.
A basic refurbishment at DML Devonport where they had been stored for some time proved to be inadequate and subsequently these power cars have had further work done at Loughborough.
Midland Region
BR HST set near Chesterfield
On London Midland Region, InterCity 125 trains were introduced later than on the other regions. They initially appeared on the former Midland Railway route from London St. Pancras to Sheffield and Nottingham. Although they were not permitted to exceed 100 mph (160 km/h) on any part of the route, they still delivered time savings compared with the loco-hauled trains they replaced.
The Midland Main Line received a series of speed improvements over the next two decades, until it became possible for HSTs to run at up to 110 mph (180 km/h) on some sections. An upgrade to the full 125 mph (201 km/h) was proposed by British Rail in the early 1990s, but because of privatisation this did not happen.
HSTs remain the backbone of expresses on the route, although they are now supported by new Class 222s on semi-fast services. They normally run in 2+8 formation, normally with two first class trailers, one buffet (at the end of the first class section) and five standard class trailers, all sandwiched between the two power cars.
HSTs have also regularly worked out of London Euston on West Coast Main Line services, particularly to Holyhead and the North Wales coast, until they were re-deployed in May 2004.
East Midlands Trains liveried HST
Midland Mainline inherited HST’s from BR after privatisation – and operated them on its primary services at up to 110 mph
At the time of the West Coast Main Line upgrade by Network Rail, it became necessary to operate diversionary routes whilst work was going on. As a result Midland Mainline were asked by the then Strategic Rail Authority (SRA) to operate London to Manchester services via the Midland Main Line and Hope Valley Line into London St. Pancras station whilst West Coast Main Line renovation works took place. In an operation dubbed Project Rio, a large percentage of the stored Virgin Cross-Country power cars were overhauled and returned to service in an enlarged Midland Mainline fleet. Ending on 10 September 2004, the Project Rio fleet was gradually disbanded, with power cars moving to First Great Western, GNER or Cross Country.
East Midlands trains took over Midland Mainlines franchise in 2007, and continued to operate London services on its primary lines using HST’s alongside British Rail Class 222 Meridian units.
HSTs operate the faster services to Nottingham and sometimes Leeds and York, (Class 222 DMUs working the slower stopping services due to their better acceleration). Members of this fleet are currently being re-painted at the company Neville Hill Depot in Leeds; they have been refurbished with a different power unit to FGW and NXEC sets and are retaining their original numbers.
43089 also was returned to work on the mainline after being used in an experimental program conducted by Network Rail and Hitachi.
As of 2009 26 are in service with East Midlands Trains.
Cross Country
HST power car in Cross Country livery
Post privatisation the Cross Country Route was operated by Virgin Trains, who replaced the InterCity 125 trains in the period 20022004 with Voyager high speed DMUs.
The majority of the former Virgin Cross Country fleet went into storage for several years but a small number moved to Midland Mainline to supplement its fleet.
In the 2007 the franchise passed to Cross Country (an Arriva Trains subsidiary). Because of overcrowding, Cross Country reintroduced five HSTs to supplement the Bombardier Voyagers it used. In late September 2008 Cross Country refurbished their first HST set. The coaches have been refurbished to the same “Mallard” standard as GNER trains, though their interior is in burgundy. They also differ from the National Express sets by having electronic seat reservations, and the buffet car has been removed, with all catering provided at-seat from a catering base in coach B. Most of the carriages are rebuilt from loco-hauled Mark 3s. The refurbishment was carried out by Wabtec, Doncaster Works.
5 HST sets are now in service.
Network Rail
Main article: New Measurement Train
One HST set is in service with Network Rail and is painted in departmental yellow. The set is New Measurement Train.
Another single engine 43089 was used in tests on hybrid battery powered vehicles in collaboration with Hitachi. It has since been returned to normal service with East Midlands Trains.
Numbering and formation
See also: British Rail Classes 253, 254 and 255, British Rail Class 43 (HST), and British Rail Mark 3
When Crewe Works built them the InterCity 125 units were considered to be diesel multiple units, and were allocated British Rail Class 253 and Class 254 for Western and Eastern Region services respectively.
British Rail considered the HST, a fixed formation train with a locomotive at each end, as a multiple unit on introduction, and numbered them as such: 253 xxx (Western Region) and 254 xxx (Eastern and Scottish Regions). However, because two power cars carried the same ‘set number’, problems arose when for servicing reasons different units were used on a train, which would then display a different number at each end. For this reason, British Rail abolished the initial numbering system and all individual power cars became identified as such, using the format 43 xxx – this number was previously carried in small digits in the bodysides, prefixed by a ‘W’ or ‘E’ to identify the region, thus the power cars were reclassified as Class 43 diesel locomotives.[citation needed]
The vehicle types used to form High Speed Trains are listed below:
Class
Image
Type
Top speed
Number
Built
Notes
mph
km/h
Class 43
Diesel locomotive
125
201
197
19761982
Intercity 125’s power cars, normally operated in pairs while placed at both ends of the train.
Mark 3 Coach
Passenger rolling stock
125
201
848
19751988
British Rail’s third fundamental design of carriage, developed primarily for the InterCity 125.
Carriage number
Number Range
Type
Notes
400xx
Trailer Buffet (TRSB)
Renumbered 404xx in 1983; some converted to 402xx series
403xx
Trailer Buffet (TRUB)
All converted to 407xx series (first class)
405xx
Trailer Kitchen (TRUK)
All withdrawn and converted for other uses
41xxx
Trailer First (TF)
Majority in service, some converted or scrapped
42xxx
Trailer Second (TS)
Majority in service, some converted or scrapped
43002-43198
Driving Motor (Brake) (DM or DMB)
Majority in service, three scrapped after accidents
These are now classified as British Rail Class 43
44000-44101
Trailer Guard Second (TGS)
Majority in service, some converted
The 197 power cars produced are numbered 43002-43198. 43001 was applied to the second of the two prototype power cars, while the first of the pair (now preserved at York), became 43000 – unusual because BR TOPS classification numbered its locomotives from 001 upwards (this was because it was not, at the time, classified as a locomotive).
In 2002, Class 255 was allocated for the reformation of some HST power cars and trailers into semi-fixed formation trains, to be known as Virgin Challenger units, for use by Virgin Trains. These formations would have had power cars sandwiching one Trailer First, a Trailer Buffet, two Trailer Seconds and a Trailer Guard Second. These plans came to naught as the Strategic Rail Authority planned to transfer most of the stock to Midland Mainline for their London-Manchester ‘Rio’ services.
Livery
See also: British Rail corporate liveries
The original “Inter-City 125” livery was blue and grey, with a yellow front to improve visibility which continued down the side of the power cars.
The second livery had mostly grey power cars with a white band along the middle, yellow underneath the white band, with the InterCity colours (cream, red, white, brown) for the parcel compartment of the power cars and the coaches.
There was brownish-grey, dark grey (almost black) around the windows with a red and white stripe below the windows, and retaining the yellow bands on the power cars. The final variant of this livery saw the yellow side-bands replaced with white and did not feature the British Rail name or logo: it carried the new sector branding Intercity logo in serif type and an image of a flying swallow. This is commonly referred to as “INTERCITY Swallow” livery, and was applied to other locomotives in the sector.
After the privatisation of British Rail train operating companies painted the HSTs in their own colour schemes, with some lasting longer than others.
Cultural impact
Public reaction
The Intercity service proved an instant hit with the British public. By the early 1980s the HST had caught the travelling public’s imagination, thanks in part to a memorable television advertising campaign fronted by Jimmy Savile, together with the advertising strap-line “This Is The Age Of The Train”. British Rail enjoyed a boom in patronage on the routes operated by the HSTs, and InterCity’s profits jumped accordingly, with cross-subsidisation safeguarding the future of rural routes that had been under threat of closure since the Beeching Axe of the 1960s.
One of the surprising impacts after introduction was that of increased house prices on routes served by these trains. Suddenly towns and cites such as Huntingdon, Peterborough, Swindon, and even as far afield as York and Bristol, were within commuter distances of London.
The Intercity 125 has become one of the recognised icons of Britain.
International attention
The success of the HST has had significant international impact. This impact is most obvious in Australia, where the HST was used as the base for developing their own XPT, in cooperation with British Rail. Foreign press for decades observed and praised the speed and quality of the service. It ranks as the world’s second high speed commercial passenger service, following after Japan’s Shinkansen, which first connected Tokyo and Osaka on 1 October 1964.
The Intercity 125 was used as a casestudy for evaluating the potential for a High Speed Rail system in California.
Scale models
There have been many model and toy guises of the IC125. One of the very first in the UK was by Hornby Railways, who launched their first model version in 1977, it was later released in InterCity ‘Swallow’ livery, First Great Western green-and-white, Midland Mainline and Virgin Trains. Lima released their version of the IC125 in 1982, of which the Mark 3 coaches were much closer to the lengths of the real-life coaches. Hornby eventually followed suit in the late-1990s, when their Mark 3 coaches were lengthened. Hornby released a totally new version of the InterCity 125 power cars in late 2008.
In N scale, HST sets have been produced for many years by Graham Farish. These sets consist of the two power cars (one powered and one dummy), and a centre coach, and have been produced in a wide range of liveries.
Developments and changes
Damaged vehicles and Accidents
Three Class 43 locomotives (43011, 43019 and 43173, all of which were being operated on the Great Western Main Line) have been written off in railway accidents; the Ladbroke Grove, Ufton Nervet and Southall accidents respectively. In the Ladbroke Grove and Ufton Nervet accidents neither the driver of the HST or the HST itself was at fault, however the Southall accident was actually caused by the driver of the HST going through a red light, and the train had a broken Automatic Warning System onboard, which if operational would have alerted the driver to his error. Following investigation, this system has since been required to be kept operational and switched on for all use of the Intercity 125 fleet.
Re-engining and refurbishment
Refurbished Mark 3 coach interior
Main article: British Rail Class_43 (HST)#Life extension
In 2005, the train leasing company, Angel Trains, initiated and led an industry-wide programme to replace the 30-year old Paxman engines in the HST power cars with new MTU 16V 4000 engines. The upgrade which was part of a 110 million total investment made by Angel Trains on its fleet of high speed trains, included the re-powering and refurbishment of 54 HST power cars, currently on lease to GNER (now East Coast) (23), First Great Western (26) and Midland Mainline (now East Midlands Trains)(5).
Additionally many operators undertook some sort of reburbishment program on the Mark 3 carriages in the early 2000s. With the long term delay and change of direction of the HST2 program, operators began to refurbish their HST fleets in 2006 – both by remotoring with the more modern MTU4000 diesel generator, and by refurbishing the carriage interiors. It is anticipated that these overhauls will give the HST at least another 10 years in front-line service.
Replacements
The first replacement of HSTs occurred from 1988 on the East Coast Main Line, with their partial replacement by the InterCity 225 when the line to Edinburgh was electrified. Some were retained for services to Aberdeen, Inverness, Skipton, Bradford and Hull.
As the Intercity 125 has become old compared to most stock used in passenger service, it has been recognised that is near the end of its days. More recently HSTs have been replaced (or augmented) by high speed DMUs such as the Voyagers and the UK express version of Alstom’s Coradia.
These new DMUs have better acceleration than the HST due to a higher power/weight ratio, with greater efficiency and braking performance in addition. However passengers are often annoyed by the vibrations and the level of noise onboard many DMUs from the underfloor engines, compared to the Mark 3 coaches which are much quieter.
In 2005 the initial concept of HST2 was rejected by the Government and the rail industry as a like-for-like replacement for the HST fleet. In light of this rejection, in 2006 existing operators turned to refurbishments of the Intercity 125 trains.
Nevertheless, HST2 has been expanded and replaced by the Intercity Express Programme, with proposals for a joint replacement of both HST and Intercity 225 trains. The likely successor to the two Intercity trains is the Hitachi Super Express which has emerged as the preferred bidder.
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: British Rail Class 43
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: British Rail Mk3 coaches
Class 43 locomotives – the power cars sandwiching the Mark 3 coaches on HSTs.
Mark 3 coaches – the coaches sandwiched by the Class 43 power cars on HSTs.
InterCity 225
XPT – Australian high speed train based on the HST
Train categories in Europe
Notes and references
^ Marsden, Colin (2001). HST: Silver Jubilee. Ian Allan. p. foreword. ISBN 0-71102-847-8.
^ “Locomotives – Prototype High Speed train”. National Railway Museum. http://www.nrm.org.uk/collections/loco/hst.asp. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ a b R.J. Collins. “High speed track on the Western Region of British Railways”. Institute of Civil Engineers. http://www.atypon-link.com/ITELF/doi/pdf/10.1680/iicep.1978.2755. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “The British Railways era”. Virgin Trains. http://www.virgintrainsmediaroom.com/media/adobepdf/7/o/British%20Railways%20Era.pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ Edward Burks (20 September 1970). “Trains in Europe Fast and Growing”. New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10710F73D5416768FDDA90A94D1405B808BF1D3. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “Tomorrow’s Train, Today”. Railways Archive. http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/BRB_APT004.pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ a b “Testing the prototype HST in 1973”. traintesting.com. http://www.traintesting.com/HST_prototype.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “1976: New train speeds into service”. BBC News. 1976-10-04. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/4/newsid_2486000/2486817.stm. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
^ “New opportunities for the railways: the privatisation of British Rail”. Railway Archive. p. 8. http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/DoT_WP001.pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ Shilton, David (1982-08). “Modelling the Demand for High Speed Train Services”. Operational Research Society. http://www.jstor.org/pss/2634319. Retrieved 2009-05-17.
^ a b c “Paxman history pages: Paxman and Diesel Rail Traction”. paxmanhistory.org.uk. http://www.paxmanhistory.org.uk/paxrailt.htm. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ A.D. Owen & G.D.A. Phillips. “The Characteristics of Railway passenger demand”. University of Bath. p. 234. http://www.bath.ac.uk/e-journals/jtep/pdf/Volume_XX1_No_3_231-253.pdf.
^ “Intelligence August 2002”. Railway Gazette International. http://www.railwaygazette.com/news_view/article/2002/08/4820/intelligence-52.html. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
^ “Rail Timeline”. BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/programmes/the_day_britain_stopped/timelines/rail/html/1970s.stm. Retrieved 2008-04-07.
^ Hollowood, Russell (2006-03-16). “The little train that could”. BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/4812304.stm. Retrieved 2008-04-07.
^ “Rail firm goes back to 30-years to boost reliability”. thisislondon.co.uk. 2008. http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23411609-details/Rail+firm+goes+back+to+30-years+to+boost+reliability/article.do.
^ “Trains undergo GBP63m redesign”. Europe Intelligence Wire. 2007-01-18. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-29301111_ITM. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “New look trains for First Great Western”. First Great Western. http://www.firstgreatwestern.co.uk/NewsItem.aspx?id=414. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
^ “GNER wins British franchise”. International Railway Journal. 2005-04-01. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-32026523_ITM. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Makeover for GNER 125 trains”. The Press. 2007-03-12. http://www.thepress.co.uk/news/1252717.makeover_for_gner_125_trains. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “National Express East Coast launches final refurbished and upgraded HST power cars back into service”. National Express Group. 2009-03-13. http://www.nationalexpressgroup.com/nx1/media/news/sub_news/pr2009/2009-03-17/. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ a b c InterCity 125 Group fleet list
^ “Delay for Grand Central trains”. London: The Times. 2006-10-05. http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/transport/article660581.ece. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “DEMU inspection ensures quality”. Railway Gazette International. 2005-03-01. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-19255500_ITM. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Track access agreement between Network Rail and Midland Mainline” (PDF). Track Access Executive. http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/s22-mml_18thsa_reasons.pdf. Retrieved 2008-01-06.
^ a b “Privatisation 1993 – 2005”. 125group.org.uk. http://www.125group.org.uk/index.php?module=htmlpages&func=display&pid=9. Retrieved 2009-05-19.
^ “Change to our trains”. East Midland Trains. http://www.eastmidlandstrains.co.uk/EMTrains/AboutUs/News/_changetoourtrains.htm. Retrieved 2009-08-27.
^ a b “Hitachi reveals 200km/h hybrid HST”. International Railway Journal. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BQQ/is_6_47/ai_n19313548/. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “New dawn for Virgin Trains”. Virgin Group. 2001-06-13. http://www.virgintrainsmediaroom.com/index.cfm?articleid=121. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “New beginning for CrossCountry train travel”. Cross Country. 2007-11-11. http://www.crosscountrytrains.co.uk/AboutCrossCountry/PressAndMedia/PressReleaseLaunch.aspx. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Network Rail, Britain, has unveiled its new 200km/h measurement train”. International Railway Journal. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-107756324.html. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Towards Sustainable Technology in Transport Sector”. Hitachi. http://www.jbce.org/files/hitachipresentation.pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ The individual units (carriages and power cars) were all numbered in the 4xxxx carriage series set aside for HST and Advanced Passenger Train vehicles. Numbers followed those allocated to the prototype British Rail Class 252 unit, so power cars were numbered from 43002 upwards
^ Morrison, Gavin (2007). Heyday of the HST. Ian Allan. p. foreword. ISBN 0-71103-184-3.
^ Parkin, Keith (2006). British Railways Mark 1 coaches (Revised ed.). The Historical Model Railway Society. pp. 6773. ISBN 0 902835 22 X.
^ “BR InterCity Executive HST 125 High Speed Train”. Model Railways Direct. http://www.modelrailwaysdirect.co.uk/acatalog/Hornby-R2702X.html. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Examples of different liveries on HSTs”. therailwaycentre.com. http://www.therailwaycentre.com/Pages%20Loco/Recognition%20loco/Illus_43A%20HST.html. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “High Speed Train marks 30 years”. BBC News. 2006-10-04. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/berkshire/5407016.stm. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “Both English, French trains getting fancy”. The Atlanta Journal. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AT&p_theme=at&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB7C1B025A01C5A&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “Train of Thought”. Haymarket Business Publications. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-5461214_ITM. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ An example of this advertisement campaign can be found through online video sites such as the following Youtube upload
^ “Intercity 125 High Speed Train”. icons.org.uk. http://www.icons.org.uk/nom/nominations/intercity-125-high-speed-train. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “Trains that make tracks”. New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/24/opinion/l-can-railroads-come-back-at-high-speed-320087.html. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “Can Railroads Come Back at High Speed?”. St. Petersburg Times. http://www.sptimes.com/News/040200/news_pf/Travel/Trains_that_make_trac.shtml. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ Roger Barnett. “British Rail InterCity 125 and 225”. University of California Transportation Centre. http://www.uctc.net/papers/114.pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-17.
^ Example of a model Intercity 125 – themodeller.com
^ “A Hornby BR InterCity 125 High Speed Train model”. Hornby. http://www.hornby.com/sets-and-train-packs-88/r2701/product.html. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
^ “Graham Farish HST model at online retailer”. railway-models.co.uk. http://www.railway-models.co.uk/1739_1_1654851.html. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
^ “Ladbroke Grove rail inquiry – Part One”. rail-reg.gov.uk. http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/incident-ladbrokegrove-lgri1-optim.pdf/1739_1_1654851.html. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “Preliminary report into railway accident at Ufton Nervet”. rssb.co.uk. http://www.rssb.co.uk/pdf/reports/Ufton%20-%20Preliminary%20Report.pdf. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “The Southall rail accident inquiry report”. rail-reg.gov.uk. http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/incident-southall-hscprogressfeb02.pdf. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “Clear plans for the future of the HST fleet”. Angel Trains. http://www.angeltrains.co.uk/Press/release.aspx?Id=553. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ Dooks, Brian. “GNER’s high-speed trains to become lean, green machines”. Yorkshire Post. http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/GNER39s-highspeed-trains-to-become.1524286.jp. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
^ “State leads Britain’s high speed train replacement strategy: replacement of the UK’s highly-successful high speed diesel train fleet is proving complex under the current fragmented industry structure, requiring hands-on direction by the department for transport roger ford looks at the state of development (HST2)”. Railway Gazette International. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-11827022_ITM. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Fitting the MTU power unit into the HSTs”. railwaypeople.com. http://www.railwaypeople.com/rail-news-articles/fitting-the-mtu-power-unit-into-the-hsts-1589.html. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Official video by First Great Western documenting the refurbishment programme”. Youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_dKEviqeFrU. Retrieved 2009-09-06.
^ “A refreshing change! First Great Western’s Intercity 125 fleet looked tired and old-fashioned–but a radical upgrade means these 30-year-old trains are now better than ever”. International Railway Journal. 1 July 2007. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-31894764_ITM. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
^ “Intercity 225: Fastest in the fleet”. BBC News. 2000-10-17. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/976815.stm. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
^ Andrew Clark (18 October 2004). “Intercity 125 nears the end of the line”. The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2004/oct/18/transport.uk. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
^ “Network Rail October 2007 Strategic Business Plan: Rolling Stock paper”. Network Rail. http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/StrategicBusinessPlan/Other%20supporting%20documents/Rolling%20stock%20(Final).pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Alternative train vehicles – Light Diesel Multiple Units”. Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit. http://www.sctainfo.org/pdf/smart/dseir/c4_alt_train_vehicles.pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Experts cast doubt over rail revolution”. Europe Intelligence Wire. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-13931097_ITM. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ “Intercity Express Programme, United Kingdom”. railway-technology.com. http://www.railway-technology.com/projects/intercityexpress/. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
^ “Agility Trains to supply Super Express fleet”. Railway Gazette International. 12 February 2009. http://www.railwaygazette.com/news_view/article/2009/02/9359/agility_trains_to_supply_super_express_fleet.html. Retrieved 12 February 2009.
Further reading
Sievert, Terri (2002). The World’s Fastest Trains. Ian Allan. ISBN 073681-061-7.
Roza, Greg (2004). The Incredible Story of Trains. Rosen Publishing. ISBN 082396-712-3.
Solomon, Brian (2003). Railway masterpieces. David & Charles. ISBN 071531-743-1.
Jane’s Information Group (1978). Jane’s World Railways. Jane’s Information Group.
External links
World speed records
125 Group
Brush Traction
Testing the prototype HST
The High Speed Train Picture Gallery
HST pictures from around the North East
v d e
British Rail non-steam locomotives
Diesel shunters
01 01/5 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14
Diesel shunters
(pre-TOPS)
11001 11104 15107 13000 D1/1 D1/2 D1/3 D1/4 D2/1 D2/2 D2/3 D2/4 D2/5 D2/6 D2/7 D2/8 D2/9 D2/10 D2/11 D2/12 D3/1 D3/2 D3/3 D3/4 D3/5 D3/6 D3/7 D3/8 D3/9 D3/10 D3/11 D3/12 D3/13 D3/14
Main-line diesels:
15 16 17 18 20 21 (I) 21 (II) 22 (I) 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 33 34 35 37 38 40 41 (I) 41 (II) 42 43 (I) 43 (II) 44 45 46 47 48 (I) 48 (II) 50 51 52 53 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 65 66 67 70 (II)
Main-line diesels
(pre-TOPS)
10000-10001 10100 10201-10203 10800 D8/1 D8/2 D10/1 D10/2 D10/3 D11/1 D11/2 D11/3 D11/4 D11/5 D12/1 D12/2 D12/3 D13/1 D14/1 D14/2 D15/1 D15/2 D16/1 D16/2 D17/1 D17/2 D20/1 D20/2 D22/1 D22/2 D23/1 D25/1 D27/1 D33/1 KA KB
Electrics
22 (II) 70(I) 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93
Electrics
(pre-TOPS)
AL1 AL2 AL3 AL4 AL5 AL6 EB1 EE1 EF1 EM1 EM2 ES1 HA HB JA JB
Departmental
97 97/6 Eastern Southern Other Series
Prototypes
15097-15099 18000 18100 D0226/D0227 D0260 D0280 D9998 DHP1 DP1 DP2 GT3 HS4000 Janus/Taurus
Lists: Diesel locomotives Electric locomotives Miscellaneous locomotives Diesel multiple units Electric multiple units Departmental multiple units
v d e
High-speed rail
High-speed trains
200299 km/h
(125185 mph)
Acela Express APT Adelante/Zephyr CRH 1, 2A, 2B and 5 GMB Class 71 (Flytoget) IC4 InterCity 125 and 225 ICE 1, 2, T and TD ICN Javelin NSB Class 73 Pendolino Railjet RENFE Class 120, 121, 130 Shinkansen 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 700, 800, E1, E2, E3, E4 TCDD HT65000 V250 (‘albatross’) Voyager/Meridian X 2000 Zefiro 250
above 300 km/h
(above 186 mph)
AGV AVE Class 100, 102, 103 CRH 2C, 3 ETR 500 Eurostar HSR-350x ICE 3 JRaglev KTX-I KTX-II HEMU-400X Shinkansen 500, N700, 700T, E5, E6 TGV Transrapid Velaro Zefiro 300, 380
By country
(planned)
East Asia
China Japan South Korea Taiwan
Europe
Austria Belgium Finland France Germany Italy Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Russia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom
Other
Argentina Australia Brazil Canada Morocco Saudi Arabia Turkey United States (CA FL OH NY PA TX Southeast Northeast Midwest Northwest)
Technologies
Conventional Maglev Vactrain
Planned lines and experimental trains in italics.
Categories: British high-speed trains | British Rail diesel locomotives | BREL locomotives | BREL products | Bo-Bo locomotives | British Rail diesel multiple units | British Rail coaching stock | 1976 introductionsHidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from July 2009
I am an expert from chinaslurrypump.com, while we provides the quality product, such as Slurry Pump EHM , china Mortar Pump EZJ, Mortar pump,and more.
Processing your request, Please wait....
