Vulnerable Plaque in Cardiovascular Disease
Swelling (inflammation) will be the body’s natural reaction to an injury. Inflammation can happen anywhere on the skin, within the body, and even inside the arteries. Scientists are now understanding inflammation may possibly play a portion in quite a few of the diseases that come with aging, including coronary artery illness.
For numerous years, doctors have thought that the main cause of a heart attack or stroke or was the buildup of fatty plaque inside an artery, leading to the heart or brain. In time, the plaque buildup would narrow the artery so much, that the artery would close off or turn out to be clogged by a blood clot. The lack of oxygen-rich blood to the heart would then lead to a heart attack. Even so these forms of blockages trigger only about 3 out of 10 heart attacks.
Researchers are obtaining people today who that heart attacks don’t have arteries severely narrowed by plaque! Vulnerable plaque could be buried inside the artery wall, and not bulge out and block the blood flow through the artery. This is why researchers began to examine how inflammation affects the arteries, and to see if inflammation could result in a heart attack.
What they discovered was that inflammation leads to the development of “soft” or vulnerable plaque. They also discovered that vulnerable plaque was much more than just debris, clogging an artery, that it was filled with different cell sorts that support with blood clotting.
When this inflammation is combined with other stresses, like high blood pressure, it can cause the thin covering over the plaque to crack and bleed, spilling the whole contents of the vulnerable plaque into the bloodstream. The sticky cytokines on the artery wall capture blood cells (primarily platelets) that rush to the site of injury. When these cells clump together, they are able to form a clot huge sufficient to block the artery
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