Thinking: How to build chemical disaster emergency rescue system
With the social and economic development, a large number of chemical substances used in the production and living people, these items either as raw materials or products, general must go through processing, storage, transportation, etc., before it supplies used. From the initial producer to end-users throughout the process, hazardous materials are subject to friction, vibration, compression, mixed touch, temperature and humidity, and many other factors, which lead to leakage, diffusion, fire, explosion, causing property damage, combined with chemical disasters Accident With sudden and unpredictable nature of the slightest negligence or inadequate disposal is very likely to Qunsiqunshang vicious consequence of the fire brigade and the need to address the importance of a topic. Author, based on the disposal of chemical accidents over the years, focusing on the expertise of social emergency rescue system a few remarks.
One of several forms of chemical accidents. Chemical hazards is consistent with the provisions of the eight categories of risk GB13690 Chemicals In the production, disposal, storage and transportation links, the result of loss of control caused a lot of leakage of dangerous chemicals spread, or met fire, explosion combustion, causing heavy casualties and property losses of chemical accidents. Its causes, mainly in the following areas:
1, leak or explosion risk areas. Because of mismanagement, illegal operation, or short-circuit electric shock and other factors, resulting in leakage of dangerous substances explosion, especially in the suburbs or the inner city Chemical industry Plants, gas stations, gas stations and other places, in case of leakage or explosion, can easily cause many casualties, and cause secondary disasters, chemical disasters, and;
2, large scale transportation of hazardous chemicals. At present, the load dozens of tons of gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, chlorine and other hazardous chemicals trucks commonplace, these flows, "the source of chemical hazards," the event "beyond" or incidents, regardless of location is on the highway, intercity highway or country lanes, urban edge, will have a great danger, causing casualties or damage the surrounding Ecological Environment Increase the occurrence of chemical accidents uncertainty;
3, vandalism. Reckless, or dissatisfaction with the social reality of criminals will often civilian hazardous chemicals, such as tanks (library), large gas cylinders, gas cans, chlorine tanks and other fixed or mobile objects to attack targets destroyed, once they succeed, the potential chemical the possible outbreak of disaster hazards, lead to chemical hazards.
II risk analysis of chemical accidents . Types of dangerous substances. Case of chemical accidents from a large number of statistics can be seen, chlorine, ammonia, benzene, formaldehyde, ethylene oxide, liquefied Oil Gas, sodium cyanide, potassium cyanide, are the social formation of chemical accidents important material. According to relevant statistics show that ammonia, chlorine, hydrochloric acid, vinyl chloride, methanol, formaldehyde, phenol, phosphorus, ethylene oxide, acrylonitrile, sodium cyanide, benzene, toluene, hydrofluoric acid, etc., not to cause Poisoning 10% of material types, but induced toxic chemical accidents accounted for all of the 58.53%.
Chemical hazard analysis. Chemical hazards is mainly caused leakage of fire explosion, poisoning and environmental corrosion. As the liquefied gas, volatile liquid with a higher compression ratio, once the leak highly toxic air mass and the formation of high concentrations of explosive gas mixture, the most harm, rather than the volatile liquid and compressed gas, up by less harmful. At the same time, population density, building intensity, distance from the hazard in the gas and surface temperature and the victim group emergency protection knowledge, a great impact on chemical accidents are an important external conditions.
III Take Measures to build the community chemical disaster emergency rescue system
(A) the strict planning and design of chemical hazard sites. In accordance with the "maximum distance" principle will hazard in residential areas, buildings in isolation. New chemical plants, hazardous chemical storage, large gas stations, gas stations, must be strictly planning, rigorous design, away from town, away from dense areas of population and buildings. That have surrounded the city and suburbs of the old chemical plant, chemical storage and transportation units, city planning, construction, security and other departments to take strict precautions or move out of their fundamental to effectively prevent the accident from the root source.
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