Latent HIV Reservoirs
Regardless of unexpected scientific advances for more than twenty-five years, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to precise an huge toll all over the world. Given the boundaries of current HIV treatment and avoidance interventions and the financial and logistical impediments to delivering them, new and potentially transforming interventions are needed if the HIV/AIDS epidemic is to be considerably slowed. Serious scientific challenges stay in the sphere of developing potentially healing therapies and a safe and effective HIV vaccine, and in increasing, assessing, and validating other new prevention modalities. Considerable funding of the research enterprise should be maintained.
In spite of having considerable success in medically managing HIV infection and improving the extent and worth of life of people surviving with HIV, there is no well accepted case of anyone being actually cured of HIV infection. A true therapy would mean that somebody in whom infection had been previously established but now no
longer he has HIV present anywhere in his body as a result of therapy. The reason no HIV cure has occurred till date or been found is that HIV is unlike virtually any other virus has ability to hide from the immune system and to be secured from drug therapy in protected cellular sanctuaries referred to as latent HIV reservoirs of virus.
These latent HIV reservoirs are established within days of infection. The most potent combinations of anti-HIV drugs which are not capable to clean the virus from these hiding places.
If the therapy is discontinued in a HIV-infected person whose virus has been suppressed by such therapy, the virus hiding in these dormant HIV reservoirs almost regularly emerges from its snooze and begins strongly. The best hope for HIV eradication from its reservoirs may be the diagnosis and aggressive treatment of the patients very early in the route of infection, before the reservoirs have become widespread. Current studies have shown a sound and sharp decay of latent HIV reservoirs in individuals treated insistently with antiretroviral drugs within the first months of infection.
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