China's industrial silicon (silicon metal) production and foreign trade and
China's industrial silicon production, after 50 years of development, now productivity, output and exports have been tops in the world. Now China's industrial output reached about 1.2 million tons of silicon, the annual export volume of nearly 700 000 t. China's exports to nearly 60 Silicon countries and regions, the annual export volume has been the equivalent of the Western developed countries more than half of total consumption. China's industrial production of silicon, silicon industry in China and the world and the related industries have a decisive effect. The following focuses on what China's industrial silicon production and external trade of the situation.
1. China's industrial silicon production
1.1 History China's industrial silicon production began in 1957 when the Soviet Union to help China's Liaoning Province was put into production under a single-phase two-electrode furnace with the first production unit. After 1960, China began to design and construction of single-phase three-phase electrode silicon furnace. From the early 60s of last century to the late 70s, worked in Liaoning, Hebei, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Tianjin, Henan, Qinghai, Guizhou and other provinces put into operation a dozen units, formed nearly 20 000 t / a production capacity. This stage, China's industrial silicon production, is the self-occupied, reaching self-sufficiency.
From after 1980, China began exporting of industrial silicon, then with the rapid increase in exports, manufacturing enterprises have sprouted rapidly. To the late 80s, China's silicon business to about 300. The political turmoil in 1989, making China's industrial silicon production suffered a major setback, after a few years, China's industrial enterprises closed down or changing to silicon more than half. The mid 90s of last century, the world's industrial emergence of temporary shortage of silicon, prices, China's industrial enterprises there are a number of silicon to resume production, and some new units or additions to the silicon furnace. In the late 90s by the international market of industrial silicon metal prices fell and the Asian crisis and other factors, China's northeast, north, northwest, east and other parts of a group of some industrial enterprises stop production of silicon or changing products, while sufficient power supply, and electricity a lower price, Guizhou, Yunnan and Sichuan provinces has built a number of industrial silicon business. Into the 21st century, as China's regional energy and raw materials prices to changing conditions and is not suitable to continue production company was forced to shut down, while the dominant region with energy supply of new industrial enterprises in the construction of silicon, continues to for the. Since 2004, the state of some resource products industry, issued a series of macro-control policy, industrial silicon industry was one of the national macro-control of the industry. In recent years, silicon enterprises in facing new challenges and choices. After 1957, has 50 years of development, China put into operation of industrial enterprises reached 600 or more silicon is still in production for more than 200 enterprises, with production capacity of 2 million t / a or more, the actual annual output had more than one million t.
1.2 Features
China's industrial production and foreign compared to silicon, outstanding features are: silicon furnace capacity smaller number of larger units, manufacturers and more dispersed. China's industrial silicon furnace, most of its capacity level and 10000kVA 6300kVA around, although the number of units built in recent years 12500kVA ~ 25500kVA capacity of silicon furnace, and some are imported from abroad 39000kVA silicon furnace, but fewer. The most foreign countries more than in 10000kVA some silicon furnace has reached 48000kVA. Production of silicon in a foreign country a dozen countries, the actual manufacturer (or company) a total of less than 50, but China is producing more than 200 manufacturers have also dispersed in nonferrous metallurgy, ferrous metallurgy, machinery, chemical industry, military industry various industries. China's industrial silicon production situation, the benefits are: easy to raise funds, short construction period, high speed, to obtain the investment results, easy to shutdown, furnace, can make better use of decentralized power and seasonal water surplus, to provide for more employment opportunities, human resources play. Problem is: furnace capacity of the poor thermal stability is difficult to get good technical and economic indicators, a number of advanced technical and operational management experience in popularizing difficult; enterprises difficult to form a unified will and action, covering an area larger , diseconomies of scale.
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