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2. Fertilization technology in pollution-free tea garden

A. Commonly used fertilizer in pollution-free tea gardens

The fertilizer people use in the tee gardens can be divided into the following types: The first category, farm organic fertilizer, composting through fermentation to achieve sound health standards such as manure, compost and sometimes a small amount of fertilizer cakes. The second category of chemical fertilizers are the commonly used fertilizers, such as urea, ammonium sulfate, magnesium phosphate, rock phosphate, superphosphate and potassium sulfate. The fertilizer must be applied into organic fertilizer, and the ratio of organic fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen should better be 1:1. Last fertilizing must be applied within 30d before the next tea, while the last foliar spray must be 20d before tea being picked. The annual fertilizer application rate should not exceed 20% of the total amount of fertilizer. The third category of compound fertilizers are nutrient and easy to transport. People always choose the domestic compound fertilizers with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with a ratio of 15%, or the Russia NPK with the ratio of 16% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The fourth category of commercial organic fertilizer are widely used. The fifth category of fertilizers, if choice 0.2% of zinc sulfate, can increase the fresh leaves nerolidol content and enhance the aroma of Oolong tie guan yin tea.

B. The technical measure of fertilization

a. Emphasis on the application of basal fertilizer, so that applied early, deep application, and conduct adequately. Applying early refers to the basal fertilizing time should be earlier. Fertilization time should be better in 10d after tea picking in the autumn (winter). The depth of deep fertilizer should be appropriate enhanced and the resistance of tea should be improved to ensure trees go through the winter safely. The mature tea gardens tried to be deep in basal ditch with depth of 25cm or more. In the young tea plantation, fertilizing according to tree ages gradually from shallow to deeper with the general depth more than 15cm. Adequate fertilizing means full of basal fertilizers. Basal fertilizer in pollution-free tea gardens are advocated use the organic fertilizer. Usually in young tea every 667h m 2000 ~ 1500kg manure or organic fertilizer products applied 300kg, with phosphorus, potassium of 25kg separately.

b. Fertilizing according to areas. Tea outputs in spring and autumn is​​good-quality and high-output ratio, because the two seasons are the golden seasons of tea production and also the peak period of fat absorption. But if you want many and fast growth, relying solely on the basal nutrition is not enough, it must be supplemented with fertilizer. Fertilize compound fertilizer 200kg per 667h square meters in four facilities, i.e. spring, summer, heat and autumn and before the 30 ~ 40d mining application is appropriate. The ratio of various types of fertilizer in the total amount differs according to different ages of trees. The young Dragon well tea plantation takes ratio as nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium 2:1 1:1, while the mature garden: 3:1:1.5. Accompany with magnesium, zinc and other trace elements in fertilizer to improve quality.

c. Skillfully fertilizing on the surface of leaves. Spraying fertilizers on the surface on leaves may germinate tea trees and elongate new branches, but meanwhile may affect oolong tea’s quality with low aroma and slight taste by reducing the inclusion of fresh leaves. After spraying, due to the overgrowth of new shoots, some trees causing a high incidence of pests. Therefore, this technology should be master reasonable, covering both quality and quantity. Firstly, people should choose the fertilizer registered by the department of agriculture along with an inspection and registration certificate. Secondly, people may use the nutrient elements that may make early germination and harvest as well as compensate for tea aroma. Thirdly, spray to wet the both sides to play the strong role of back leaves’ absorptive capacity in order to receive better promotion effect.