Chinese Scientists Isolated A Single Gene Of Rice Production
Zhang, Huazhong Agricultural University research team led by Academician inspired over 10 years of study, first discovered and cloned a simultaneous control of rice plant height, heading date and kernel number per gene, named Ghd7. 5 at the date of the team research papers in internationally renowned scientific journal “Nature – Genetics,” published.
Researchers to identify a single gene can determine Ghd7 rice plant height, heading date and the three characteristics of grains per panicle. Previous studies have identified characteristics may determine more than rice chromosome 7 region, but not accurate to any particular gene.
According to Academician Zhang inspiration, the past that need to change many genes can increase rice yield, now we just need to control a single gene can increase production. Rice research team is also on chromosome 7 near the centromere, using map-based cloning of this gene was isolated.
Of verification, the current most high-yield rice varieties contain Ghd7 gene. Wild-type Ghd7 gene can significantly delayed heading date, plant height and grains per panicle increased significantly. Summer conditions in Wuhan, with wild-type Ghd7 gene NILs compared with the recurrent parent Zhenshan 97 23 days late heading, plant height increased by 30 cm, grain number doubled, and the sturdy stem lodging, single line output can be increased by 50%. Wild-type Ghd7 gene transfer through biotechnology to some spike, early heading varieties, these varieties can multiply the number of grains per panicle, accompanied by increased plant height, heading date delay.
The results also showed that the gene and geographical adaptability of rice varieties are closely related. In low latitude regions, wild-type Ghd7 rice gene can make full use of light and temperature conditions, large panicle yield.
Academician Zhang inspiration that has always been high and stable yield crops, the ultimate goal of scientific research affecting the rice yield per unit area of factors including the number of spikelets per panicle, panicles, grain weight and seed setting rate, determines the growth period of rice varieties seasonal and regional adaptability of the main factors affecting the stable. Rice Ghd7 cloned gene, greatly increase the number of traits of complex genetic and molecular basis of understanding. In academic research, but also on traditional genetics of the rare pleiotropic effects is a good example.
Ghd7 successfully separated genes, indicating the production of such a complex, such as the number of characters, but also with the quality traits, like improved through biotechnology. Information about the gene, can be used directly from the genetic resources of rice varieties to increase production and to explore ecological adaptation of the significance of good genes, genetic improvement of crop varieties. As the point of clear, Ghd7 successfully isolated genes can greatly shorten the screening time of high-yielding rice varieties, from the past 10 years, reduced to 5 years.
Well-known British magazine “Nature” is the world’s first international journal, since 1869 founded, with consistent reports and reviews the most important global science and technology breakthroughs. “Nature – Genetics” is a series of journal Nature, one of Nature Publishing Group, issued by the United Kingdom, monthly, published the most important new field of genetics and the highest level of academic achievement.
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