Asian radio and television media of the major trends and lessons learned – radio
Of: Indrajit? Mazurskie Day Indrajit? Banie professor in Singapore on the Asian Centre for Media and comment on the Secretary-General, was born in India, in Canada, Malaysia and taught at several universities in Singapore, with a number of Department of Asia and the world media modern system, the media, books, new technology and the freedom of speech. September 2004, has been invited by the Russian Journalists Union, held in Metz media seminar on modern Asia Broadcasting Television and other major trends in media development made the following observations.
Situation of radio and television in Asia
Indrajit? Banie said, in Asia, if not all Asian countries, at least in the majority of countries, from the first day of the birth of radio and television, the state began to implement its absolute control , the state is broadcasting Monopoly Persons. Formally, this for three reasons: firstly, after a long period of colonial dependence, the need to expedite the development of the national radio and television, and society as a whole also believe that the media should help national development and nation-building; second is to achieve national consensus. Many people are convinced that the media have facilities to citizens through cultural and political news to receive on the publicity and the formation of national consensus; Third, the media has the responsibility to promote ethnic harmony of thought, so that all races and all ethnic and religious groups to unite to prevent possible conflicts.
Though liberated from colonial rule, all the young nation as a whole is the ideological support, but most governments quickly began to use the media first for their own political interests.
80-90 years of last century, Asia has undergone profound changes in the media, and its essence is the development contribute to their own development, and to the country from dependence on the liberation of the mechanism. Satellite TV Start-up, increase the number of television channels and the Government can not afford to provide assistance to the media, which in most Asian countries have formed a platform for decentralization. Most Asian countries, media market, Competition Very intense.
Asian radio and television media, the lessons of development
First lesson actually implemented in full control of the state media had existed before. Most of the basic principles of Asian media system remains unchanged, although the degree of business has increased, competition has intensified. Not by any means to force the media to become the instigators of conflict, as incitement to social, cultural and ethnic conflict as a catalyst. For many Asian media, the "responsibility" is a basic principle, they are determined to follow this principle. Freedom of expression can not be responsible for the loss of the price obtained. Can actually conclude that the Asian media, the most characteristic features of System One, in the excessive state control and the market find a balance between absolute freedom. The second interesting lesson
probably other developing countries and countries in transition compared the experience, this is systematic and creative media reform, and must have a clear plan of action and real reform Strategy Must be clear before the start of reform and the media system, infrastructure, content, ethics and funding related issues.
Third lesson is the State itself with the relationship between the media should gradually change their role. For a long time, the relationship between the two is the relationship between the subordinate and control. Even today, common in many Asian countries is still the old regulation, using the State Secrets Law, the National Security Act and many other laws to restrict journalists. But today, Asian countries know that the regime of excessive protection and intervention is ineffective and can only cause economic loss, loss of trust of the community.
Countries has led to over-protect the source of instability in the financial media, undermining public trust in the media. But foreign news sources, newspapers and television are also a wide open form of government in many Asian countries, some Pressure To urge them to be more open in the field of information. At the same time, the wave of threats from foreign news and national news in the field are aware of the need for reform and other factors can also promote the countries to gradually reduce the media Services Interference, so as to domestic media market, "athletes who" seek to provide expanded opportunities for new forms of self-development.
The fourth lesson is that media freedom is rarely able to get through the struggle. Asian journalists for the freedom of the press has been struggling for decades. When Indian Prime Minister Indira? Gandhi declared a state of emergency in 1970, arrested a number of famous journalists, the All India large-scale protests broke out, journalists and media Organization Even asking India Leadership To resign.
Fifth lesson is to report its own, national news, national news constantly enriched with all the TV news channels. Now, many Asian people have to worry about. They also worry that the lack of interest so that the audience has the level of the nation what the status of national media, weak, or even control of a foreign thing, and this same media market on their own damage.
Asia practice shows that only give priority to the national news a country can develop from the most powerful media system. Studies have shown that only high-quality national press to counter foreign influence in the media market, the role of foreign companies be restricted. Satellite TV in Asia, the development of a serious threat to local TV channels, which in turn prompted the Government to open broadcast system that allows commercial TV channels to market. Size of the market is also a mark of success. For example, Russia's market is quite broad, its impact will spread to many Russian-speaking countries.
Final lesson is to improve the quality of its own journalists. Many Asian countries are actively improving schools offering vocational skills, training and other new communications technologies Talent The class system also increases. Many high-quality professionals and Expert Participated in the Train Work. Undoubtedly, this will help to gradually improve the quality of news products.
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