An Introduction to Rapid Prototyping
Rapid prototyping id the collective term used for a group of techniques that are utilised for the quick fabrication of an object with the help of CAD data – computer aided design. The development of the first such technique is accredited to 3D Systems in Valencia, California, United States of America. This company was established in the year 1986, and techniques have continued to evolve since then. The other terms which are commonly used to refer to these techniques are –
• Solid Free-Form Manufacturing
• Computer Automated Manufacturing
• Layered Manufacturing
In terms of visualization, rapid prototyping does offer obvious benefits. Apart from this aspect, the models created by these techniques can be utilised for testing procedures. For example, an RP model could be used for testing an airfoil shape inside a wind tunnel. Similar models can also be used for the creation of male models required for tooling purposes. Examples include silicone rubber moulds as well as investment casts, among various other similar applications. In certain cases the model itself could serve as the final object, but generally the material that is used for the construction of the model is not resilient enough or precise enough for the purpose. If the material used for the construction is suitable, various intricately designed objects, including parts that are nested inside other parts, could be fabricated as a result of the nature of the RP techniques.
A large number of experimental methodologies are being employed for the purpose of rapid prototyping. Many others are still the process of development. The techniques that are currently being utilised on a commercial scale include:
1. Stereolithography (SLA)
2. Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
3. Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM)
4. Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM)
5. Solid Ground Curing (SGC)
6. Inkjet Printing
Each type of rapid prototyping technique has its unique set of requirements, attributes, advantages and disadvantages, on the basis of which a particular technique is selected for a specific task or model. However, the basic methodology remains the same for all the techniques that are currently being used. The first step is the construction of the CAD model, followed by conversion to STL format. The resolution is adjusted so as to minimize stair stepping. The STL file is processed by the RP machine through the creation of sliced layers. The layers are laid down one over the other till the model is complete, and then supports are removed. The last step is cleaning and finishing of the surface.
Since 2001 EMS has grown to become one of the premier providers of 3D scanners, product design and rapid prototyping services, 3D scanning and 3D printing services. With almost a decade of experience in providing high quality service and products, we have helped clients across a variety of industries build and manage their ideas and bring them to life. EMS is based in Tampa, FL and has offices in Atlanta, GA and Detroit, MI.
http://www.ems-usa.com
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