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Internet Explorer (IE) A World Wide Web browser produced by Microsoft and included with all Windows operating systems. Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP or IMAP4) A protocol used to receive e-mail messages over the Internet. Internet Protocol (IP) The Network layer protocol upon which the Internet is based. IP pro- vides a simple connectionless packet exchange. Other protocols such as TCP use IP to perform their connection-oriented (or guaranteed delivery) services. Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) A remote data encryption standard mcitp: server administrator that uses Data Encryp- tion Standard (DES) encryption, which is a suite of cryptography-based security protocols. IPSec uses computer-level authentication and provides data encryption services for Layer Two Tun- neling Protocol (L2TP) and virtual private network (VPN) connections. IPSec services include packet data authentication, data integrity, replay protection, and data confidentiality services. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) provides only packet data confidentiality services. Internet service provider (ISP) A company that provides dial-up connections to the Internet. internetwork A network made up of multiple network segments that are connected with some device, such as a router. Each network segment is assigned a network address. Network layer protocols build routing tables that are used to route packets through the network in the most efficient manner. invitation A method by which a user requests another user’s assistance using Remote Assis- tance. By default, invitations are valid for six hours. IP See Internet Protocol. IP address A four-byte number that uniquely identifies a computer on an IP internetwork. ipconfig A command used to display the computer’s IP configuration. IPSec See Internet Protocol Security. ISDN See Integrated Services Digital Network. kernel The core process of a preemptive operating system, consisting of a multitasking sched- uler and the basic security services. Depending on the operating system, other services such as virtual memory drivers may be built into the kernel. The kernel is responsible for managing the scheduling of threads and processes. kilobyte A computer storage measurement equal to 1,024 bytes. L2TP See Layer Two Tunneling mcitp course Protocol. LAN See local area network. Last Known Good Configuration option A Windows Vista Advanced Boot Options menu item used to load the control set that was used the last time the computer was successfully booted. Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) An industry-standard VPN protocol that is used in conjunction with IP security (IPSec) to provide a high level of security when sending IP packets over the Internet or other public IP network. L2TP and IPSec provide data authentication, data encryption, and data integrity services that strengthen security when data is sent over an unsecured network.
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