PSoC – 1064nm Laser Module K10D06M-10.0W – Red Laser Diode K67S09F-0.80W
History
Commercial PSoC shipments began in 2002.
To promote the PSoC, Cypress sponsored a “PSoC Design Challenge” in Circuit Cellar magazine in 2002 and 2004.
PSoC is used in devices as simple as Sonicare toothbrushes and Adidas sneakers, and as complex as the TiVo set-top box. One PSoC, using CapSense, controls the touch-sensitive scroll wheel on the Apple iPod.
Description
PSoC is a software configured, mixed-signal array with a built-in MCU core. There are three different family of devices ( 2009):
CY8C2xxxx Named PSoC1 with CPU M8C
CY8C3xxxx Named PSoC3 with CPU 8051
CY8C5xxxx Named PSoC5 with CPU ARM Cortex M3
PSoC has three separate memory spaces: paged SRAM for data, Flash memory for instructions and fixed data, and I/O Registers for controlling and accessing the configurable logic blocks and functions. The device is created using SONOS technology.
PSoC resembles an ASIC: blocks can be assigned a wide range of functions and interconnected on-chip. Unlike an ASIC, there is no special manufacturing process required to create the custom configuration – only startup code that is created by Cypress’ PSoC Designer IDE.
PSoC resembles an FPGA in that at power up it must be configured, but this configuration occurs by loading instructions from the built-in Flash memory. Unlike an FPGA, the current generation of PSoC cannot have its digital functions reprogrammed by VHDL or Verilog, it can only be configured with register settings.
PSoC most closely resembles a microcontroller in usage, where code is executed to interact with the user-specified peripheral functions (called “User Modules”), using automatically generated APIs and interrupt routines. The PSoC Designer IDE generates the startup configuration code and peripheral APIs automatically based upon the users selections in a Visual-Studio-like GUI.
Cypress offers a visual, code-free embedded design tool for PSoC called PSoC Express. Using PSoC Express, most features of the PSoC can be accessed with drag and drop icons and logical expressions. The visual design is compiled to executable code without exposing the user to the underlying converted code, though a visual design can be converted and used as a basis of a traditional code-based design in PSoC Designer. Visual design elements cover features such as temperature sensors, fan control, accelerometers, I2C master and slave protocols, USB virtual serial ports, capacitive sensors, and wireless 2.4 GHz radio communications.
PSoC Technology
A PSoC integrated circuit is composed of a core, configurable analog and digital blocks, and programmable routing and interconnect. The configurable blocks in a PSoC are the biggest difference from other microcontrollers. PSoC devices include up to 16 digital and 12 analog blocks, depending on the device.
The Core
The PSoC1 core includes:
The M8C MCU
Flash memory
SRAM
Sleep and watchdog timers
Multiple clock sources that include a PLL
Internal main and low-speed oscillator
External crystal oscillator for precision, programmable clocking
PSoC1 devices can have up to two multiply-accumulate modules (MACs), which provide fast 8-bit multipliers or fast 8-bit multipliers with 32-bit accumulate, up to two decimators for digital signal processing applications, I2C functionality for implementing either I2C slave or master, and availability of a full-speed USB interface.
Configurable Analog and Digital Blocks
PsoC Block Example
Using configurable analog and digital blocks, designers can create and change mixed-signal embedded applications. The digital blocks are state machines that are configured using the blocks registers. There are two types of digital blocks, Digital Building Blocks (DBBxx) and Digital Communication Blocks (DCBxx). Only the communication blocks can contain serial I/O user modules, such as SPI, UART etc.
Each digital block is considered an 8-bit resources that designers can configure using pre-built digital functions or user modules (UM), or, by combining blocks, turn them into 16-, 24-, or 32-bit resources. Concatenating UMs together is how 16bit PWMs and timers are created.
There are two types of analog blocks. The continuous time (CT) blocks are composed of an op-amp circuit and designated as ACBxx where xx is 00-03. The other type is the switch cap (SC) blocks, which allow complex analog signal flows and are designated by ASCxy where x is the row and y is the column of the analog block. Designers can modify and personalize each module to any design.
Programmable Routing & Interconnect
PSoC mixed-signal arrays’ flexible routing allows designers to route signals to and from I/O pins more freely than with many competing microcontrollers. Global buses allow for signal multiplexing and for performing logic operations. Cypress suggests that this allows designers to configure a design and make improvements more easily and faster and with fewer PCB redesigns than a digital logic gate approach or competing microcontrollers with more fixed function pins.
PSoC Kit
Key Features
FPGA Configuration via the PSoC(R) Programmable System-on-Chip
(4) CapSense buttons
I2C temperature sensor
(2) 6-pin expansion header
USB-to-UART bridge interface
I2C port
SPI and BPI configuration
Xilinx JTAG interface
See also
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
Embedded Systems/Cypress PSoC Microcontroller
FPAA: field programmable analog array
Reconfigurable computing
References
^ Reuters: “Cypress Hits Half-Billion Mark in Shipments of PSoC Programmable System-on-Chip Devices” 2009
^ Circuit Cellar: “PSoC Design Challenge 2002”
External links
Cypress Semiconductor Official Website
PSoC Website – Cypress
PSoC Developer
PSoC Zone (the French PSoC Community by ISTASE)
Psoc-chileEl primer web site en Espaol sobre Microcontroladores Psoc
v d e
8-bit microcontroller families
AVR PIC COP8 MCS-48 MCS-51 Z8 eZ80 HC08 HC11 H8 PSoC
Categories: Integrated circuitsHidden categories: Articles with a promotional tone from June 2009 | All articles with a promotional tone
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