What facts about pneumonia should I know?
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs caused by different microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Usually, pneumonia is caused by viruses, including influenza virus (flu), adenoviruses, rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus (which causes croup) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Symptoms of pneumonia vary depending on the age and the cause of disease. The most common of them are: chills, fever, nasal congestion, cough, chest pain, vomiting, dehydration, decreased activity, abdominal pain, breathing with wheezing or grunting sounds, bluish or gray color of lips and fingernails, loss of appetite or poor feeding (in infants), unusually rapid breathing, labored breathing which makes the rib muscles retract and causes nasal flaring.
There are three main causes of pneumonia:
– Bacterial pneumonia caused by bacteria (usually by Streptococcus pneumoniae)
– Pneumonia Atypical is often called “walking pneumonia”. It can cause a more serious and even potentially fatal pneumonia.
– Viral pneumonia caused by viruses (about half of all pneumonias)
Other causes include fungal infections (Pneumocystis Pneumonia) which is common in people with AIDS.
Pneumonias can be described by how you were exposed to it and where it was acquired.
– Nosocomial pneumonia is acquired during a hospitalization. It can be extremely dangerous for patients.
– Community acquired pneumonia is acquired in the community (e. g, at work, school, gym).
– Aspiration Pneumonia can happen when a foreign matter is inhaled (often stomach content).
Here are some basic steps how to keep your lungs healthy and avoid infection:
– Avoid being near people who have pneumonia.
– Wash your hands frequently.
– Eat a healthy diet. Good nutrition helps to increase your immune system.
– Avoid exposure to damaging or toxic fumes. Exposure to chemicals, air pollution, secondhand smoke and gases, can irritate the lungs. It can make your lungs more vulnerable to infection.
– Do not use intravenous drugs.
– Exercise regularly. It will make your immune system functioning optimally.
The goal of treatment is to maintain adequate oxygenation, destroy the germs caused the infection, avoid complications, relieve symptoms of cough, shortness of breath, muscle aches etc. Your doctor will recommend you antibiotics that suit you best; for example, Zithromax. Follow your doctor’s advices and take care of your health properly.
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