Depression: 5 Common Causes
Depression is widely known to affect a person’s feelings, thoughts, behavior and physical well-being. Depressed people are noticed at once, as they look sad, anxious, hopeless, empty, worried, worthless, helpless, guilty, restless and irritable. In fact, they lose interest in pleasurable activities; overeat or experience loss of appetite; poorly concentrate, remember details and make decisions; and even attempt suicide. Depression is followed by insomnia, fatigue, loss of energy, excessive sleeping, aches/pains or digestive problems. Actually, depressed mood may mean no psychiatric disorder at all. In general, this is a normal reaction to particular life events, as well as a symptom of certain medical conditions or a side effect of medical treatments. Depressed mood can also be caused by clinical depression.
Life events that may lead to depressed mood include disputes with family members/friends, personal conflicts, bereavement, moving to a new place, losing a job/income, divorce, retirement, stress, menopause, social isolation and rejection.
Medical treatments are also known to cause depressions in many patients. Among the most common are Hepatitis C drug therapy and high blood pressure drugs.
Non-psychiatric illnesses can be the reason of depressed mood too. For example, these are physiological problems and infectious diseases including hypogonadism, Addison’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Lyme disease, disturbed circadian rhythm and sleep apnea.
Psychiatric syndromes are usually followed by a depressed mood as their main symptom. This is a group of disorders which primarily disturb the mood: major or clinical depression, chronic depressed mood and bipolar disorder.
Outside the mood disorders, a personality itself may also feel a depressed mood. Such disorder is a psychological response to a certain identifiable event or stressor, for example, posttraumatic stress.
So, before treating any type of depression, it is necessary to analyze a full patient’s medical history and current symptoms, so as to determine the cause of this or that depression. General medical examination includes blood tests, basic electrolytes/serum calcium and a full blood count. Testosterone levels may also be evaluated in men, but older depressed people can have Alzheimer’s disease as a main cause of their depressive state.
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