Grasslands of the major achievements of modern – modern grassland – farming indu
Comprehensive management of degraded grassland The last 40 years due to climate change, increased human disturbance and other factors, grassland degradation is worsening, in which the human factor should be the main causes of grassland degradation. Over the past people often attach importance to the grass as the means of production, livestock production, the relative neglect of the grassland ecological environment protection and ecological functions. Growing ecological crisis, frequent dust storms, make it new understanding of the ecological functions of grasslands, grass industry workers from the perspective of the country began a systematic study on grassland, the grassland degradation mechanism, rehabilitation, reconstruction, the work of grass industry in the different regions of a lot of work, initially formed a complete theoretical system, recognized by the scientific community in China. Many control measures such as rotational grazing, grassland fence, artificial grass, aerial seeding grass, grassland improvement, grassland rodent pest control, turf establishment of nature reserves has been successfully applied to actual production, and achieved good results.
Grass seed research Before the founding of New China, our work is mainly grass seeds had some introduction experiment. After the founding of new China, with the establishment of experimental stations of the 20th century, 60s, relevant research institutions and universities have launched a grass type plant (forage and turfgrass) Genetic Resources, germplasm collection, preservation technology, protection of facilities , germplasm collection storage, character evaluation of identification, use of fine varieties, database and information service system construction work. More than 1,000 varieties have been introduced grass species and, through biology, ecology and economic characteristics of the observation and study areas, selected a number of suitable planting grass in China, forage crops and turf grass varieties. And the establishment of a pasture, turfgrass breeding, species identification, breeding and seed production test system, and promote the grass seed industry.
Grassland resources and information management research
From the early 80s, the Earth Science 3S technology and computer technology applied to the grassland ecological environment, resource planning, land survey and monitoring of desertification, as well as for snow, fire, pest control and other aspects of assessment and made can not get past the high-frequency, large-scale data. In recent years, with the wide application of 3S technology focus of the study, mainly on the database construction and spatial overlay analysis, grassland husbandry involving meteorological, soil, remote sensing, pasture, livestock, etc., extensive collection and accumulation of ; the other hand strengthen the grass of the information management, and network technology co-developed web-based database can be used in decision-making network service system and grass industry in digital platforms, such as "China grass industry development and ecological construction of expert systems" and so on.
Forage Pathology For pasture pathology began in the 20th century 70's, 80's in the agricultural sector with the support of the "grass diseases and their control" study, a clear pastures of our known pathogenic fungal diseases and the number of editing and publishing "China grass diseases directory." Pasture pathology research results applied to grass disease control, through physical, chemical and ecological control measures, the highest illness can damage the grass production increased 83%. The rapid growth of industry makes lawn turfgrass pathology pathology in grassland pastures developed on the basis of common diseases of turf grass species characteristics, risk factors, pathogenic fungi, control method of a series of studies, published a lawn disease Control of the technical manual for the guidance of turf establishment and protection.
Grass nutritional and ecological chemistry Grassland eco-chemical study of nutrition and focus on the nutritional status of grass, major elements, trace elements and grassland resources in the analysis of chemical constituents and utilization. Grass and grass have different nutritional elements distribution, fertilizer demand to a certain study found the grass in the constant element and trace element contents threshold value, according to the characteristics required to develop a specific fertilizer grass fertilizer, and nutrients in different growth stages needs with different fertilization methods. On this basis, further study of the nutrient soil – grass – Animal – Animal products, processes and scientific management. Disaster prevention and mitigation
grass
Sandstorm is the grass in the biological and abiotic disturbance, the performance of anomaly caused ecological damage to the phenomena and processes of production. Generally divided into drought, snow, fire and rodent and pest diseases and other disasters. China after 1949, on the grassland had a comprehensive survey of major disaster, disaster assessment, hazard zoning, disaster law, disaster monitoring and development trends, measures of control. While on disaster prevention, and focused on monitoring, forecasting and preventive measures. Harmful to animals, rodents such as research, locust ecology, biology, population, population changes affect the parameters of the various factors to identify the outbreak of the law, forecasting a large scale, cycle, take a variety of control measures. Grass disaster prevention and mitigation of major disasters has been the formation of a set of monitoring, prediction, prevention and control system. Especially in recent years combined with the lawn information system, set up large-scale monitoring system and a precise mathematical prediction models, the establishment of a database disaster prevention and mitigation.
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