Chromatic adaptation color vision
Color Vision:
It is the ability of a machine or an organism to identify each and every object based on the amount of light the objects return or send out. Nervous system in our brains gets color by evaluating the light from the cone photoreceptors in our eyes. These cone photoreceptors are susceptible to special parts of visible spectrum. Human visible band ranges from 380 to 740 nm as cited by Marjorie A. Murray, Neuroscience for Kids Staff Writer
Cone Cells:
Cone cells in the retina of the eye, basically functions like a photoreceptor cells. Photoreceptor cells have the special ability to function in bright light. Our human brain contains three types of cones, there are,
• An L cone cells has the visibility in the peak wavelength i.e. near the yellow region. The range of L cells falls near the 564–580 nm.
• An M cone cells has the visibility in the medium-wavelength i.e. near the green region. The range of M cells falls near the 534–545 nm.
• An S cone cells has the visibility in the short wavelength i.e. near the violet region. The range of S cells falls near the 420–440 nm.
Photoreceptor cell:
A photoreceptor or photoreceptor cell is important category of neuron originated in the eye’s retina and it is the main cause for photo transduction to happen. The importance of photoreceptor cells lies in the conversion of light in to some other form for biological processes to take place. Photoreceptor absorbs the photon in the light and passes the information to other membranes for changes to take place. Two types of photoreceptors are,
• Cones function well in bright light and perceive colors fine. Human retina contains about 120 million rod cells.
• Rods do not have the ability to perceive the colors, and functions well in low light. Human retina contains about 6 million rod cells in it.
• Photosensitive ganglion cells founds in the inner retina. Human retina contains about 1.3 million cells in it.
Photo transduction:
It is process of changing the energy of the captured photon and the energy passed on to the membranes to signal the nervous system, that light is in the visual field of retina.
Fixation Point:
It is a point on the retina, which is focused by the light rays from the object. It gives the point of focus and the process the getting the clean starts here.
Sensory or Neural Adaptation:
It is a response of the sensory system to a constant stimulus for a period of time. It is mainly occurring due to the change in the stimulus. Neural adaptations are due to the temporary modification in stimulus caused by the previous stimulus. Human Brain is not part of this action, because it is temporary stimulus. Human brain acts when comes to the permanent responsiveness.
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