Basic knowledge of lead-acid batteries
(A), basic concepts
First, the basic definition
Electricity by the different forms of energy, including changes to come in the conversion devices called chemical battery power, generally known as the battery, battery and battery percent YuanDianChi.
Discharge can not be used after the internal load in order to make active substances called renewable YuanDianChi also say that non-rechargeable batteries. Download the track after the load can be used in the active material, storage of energy for renewable energy, you need the conversion of chemical energy into battery power again, the battery, also called secondary battery.
2, the common technical terms
Load: batteries from other DC power gain called charge.
Discharge: the battery of foreign electricity output discharge
Download float charge: batteries and other DC power in parallel power, foreign output circuit called flotation loading and unloading. Have requirements for uninterrupted power supply equipment, backup power battery discharge function state.and.
Fem: no / off, electric current through the battery on the negative Jianliang, the battery of potential more beds. terminal loop, after the battery voltage JiJi more or less or ERPs called battery voltage
Ann: When the capacity of the battery capacity of the unit Ann, namely battery capacity Q (Ann) = xt put to put to discharge current (Ann)
T placed at discharge time (hours)
Energy efficiency (Ann efficiency): the power and the input power from the battery call between effectiveness and efficiency of energy called Ann.
Power-Saving (%) = (Q) x Q vote to fill 100% = (I used to xt) vote (I x I completed filling) x 100%
Q and Q as filling and were discharged capacity (Ann)
free downloads: because the local function to make the battery consumption of battery capacity. The loss of capacity before the capacity of a hand, called the battery discharge rate of freedom
Free download speed (%) = (P1 – P2) x 100% Q1 vote
For Q1 before discharge capacity (Ann next time)
Q2 post-discharge capacity (Ann next time)
Longevity: storage battery charge and discharge once called recharge cycles, to maintain the output of a certain capacity battery can in the situation of the number of recharge cycles, called the battery used.
(2), the lead-acid batteries
1, definition
lead acid battery is a type of battery, the main characteristic is the adoption of thin sulfuric acid electrolyte not with PbO2 and flocking, respectively, how to take positive and negative battery of a type of battery acid.
Two, the classification
According to a classified: Type of battery plate structure formation, type of fat and tube-type batteries.
Under the battery cover and structural classification, has openings rate, type of exhaust, acid type explosion isolation and seal control valve style storage.
According to the classification method of maintenance: regular type battery, except the type of maintenance mianweihu type accumulators.
According to the specifications primarily for battery products:
From the storage battery type: mainly used in automobiles, tractors, shipbuilding from diesel engine and lighting.
fixed type storage battery: mainly used in communication, electric power plant, the computer system for the protection, power supply auto parts.
drive type storage battery: mainly used for various battery-vehicles such as forklift trucks and supply trucks.
Railway: mainly used for battery-powered trains of internal combustion locomotives, buses starting, power Illume.
motorcycle battery, motorcycle used mainly for various specifications of starting and lighting.
With battery: mainly used in coal mine power supply traction railway locomotives.
The energy storage battery usage: mainly used in wind power, hydroelectric energy storage.
Three, the basic structure: mainly by the following part of the lead-acid batteries is a:
1, hard rubber slot 2, 3 plate negative, plate 4, 5, 6, each seat partition convergence cables
7, the sealing adhesive 8, 9 battery cover, the connection of 10 bar, extremely column 11, the exhaust switch
About the board
The lead-acid batteries, according to plate tectonics and active substances in the method can be divided into four classes: type of fat in the tube sheet plate, the plate, half in writing at the plate characteristics. Grease the plate by the Council and the activity of the gate material composition. The role of the door to the material of the active support plate, held in progress, current evenly distributed. General meeting of antimony alloy material door, the battery mianweihu USES lead-calcium alloy. Positive active substances, the main composition ingredient is PbO2 anode active substances to form lead the flock.
splint
The battery is with wooden boards microporous materials such as rubber, fiberglass, made the main effect is as follows:
Prevent plaque more or less short-circuit; Click CKS electrolyte anion smoothly through. Slow resistance plate substances more or less active, prevent falls due to the plate more or less beaten and damage.
electrolyte
The electrolyte is the important part of the battery and its function is to conduct electricity and to assist the electrochemical reaction
The electrolyte is sulfuric acid and water purification (by) from deionized water, electrolyte purity and density of the battery capacity and life expectancy has a significant influence.
shell of the battery cover
The battery cover is installed shell plate or so and the electrolyte from the container, usually with plastic and rubber.
Exhaust Bolt
Exhaust Bolt usually plastic, sealed battery function upward, preventing the entry of air and prevent oxidation of the plate. And when the battery can be produced inside the gas discharge battery, battery to avoid dangerous place.
Use before: the exhaust bolts to be knockouts crossed wire, digital camera battery to ensure that gas flows smoothly.
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