Solar heat pump technology (1) – heat pumps, solar energy, technology – heat pum
Heat Pump Network
HC Abstract : Heat Pump Technology is a good Energy Air Conditioning Refrigeration Heating technology, heat pump technology to Solar Energy Thermal technologies can improve the efficiency of solar collectors and heat pump system performance, while addressing the all-weather heating problem. Therefore, the research and development of solar heat pump is more and more attention. This article discusses the principles of solar heat pump technology and features as well as providing hot water in the application and the present status and so on.
Introduction
With economic development and the advancement of technology, Energy And the environment is prominent in today's world the two social problems, promoting greater awareness of the importance of human energy, while increasing emphasis on solar energy use and energy-saving heat pump technology. At present, China mainly concentrated solar thermal use in passive solar house heating and water heaters to provide domestic hot water, while active solar heating system developed by use of the relatively backward. Using energy-saving devices?? Heat pump and solar collector devices, thermal storage system to link the way institutions can not only effectively overcome the solar energy itself is a thin and intermittent, and can achieve high energy savings and reduction of environmental pollution purposes has great development potential applications. Heat pump technology is a good energy-efficient HVAC technologies, is to use a small amount of power as a driver of high quality energy, low-grade from low-temperature heat source efficiently absorb heat and transfer it to the high-temperature heat source, in order to achieve the purpose of heat pump to switch to low-energy transfer coefficient can transfer coefficient for the high energy (high-grade energy conservation), that improve the quality of energy technology. As people get domestic hot water requirement is rising, with intermittent difficult to meet the all-weather characteristics of solar heating. To solve this problem, heat pump technology and solar energy combined is undoubtedly a good selection.
1. The basic principles and types of heat pump
Heat pump is a reverse use of the refrigerator, and refrigerator only work in different temperature range. The working principle of heat pump system shown in Figure 1 [1] [2]. Evaporator absorbs heat, its high-temperature low-pressure superheated refrigerant gas in the compressor into high pressure and temperature through adiabatic compression of gas, the constant pressure by the condenser for the low-temperature high-pressure liquid condensate (thermal gasification of refrigerant release, etc. heat exchange with the condensing water, so that condensation water is heated to hot water for users), liquid refrigerant via step-down after the throttle valve into low temperature low pressure insulating liquid into the evaporator, absorbing heat at constant pressure heat and evaporation changes for the superheated steam to complete a cycle. So the cycle, keep the heat in the heat transfer to the condensate.
According to first law of thermodynamics, there is: Qg = Qd + A, the second law of thermodynamics, the electric power consumed by the compressor A play compensation, so the refrigerant can be kept from the low temperature endothermic (Qd) to the high temperature heat (Qg), a rolling loop.
Thus, compressor power consumption is an important technical and economic indicators, the general performance coefficient (coefficientofperformance, referred to as COP) to measure the device's energy efficiency, which is defined as:
COP = Qg / A = (Qd + A) / A = 1 + Qd / A
Obviously, heat pump COP is always greater than 1. Therefore, the heat pump is an efficient energy-saving device, is implemented in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning Building energy efficiency Important way, for conventional energy conservation, air pollution and greenhouse effect mitigation play a positive role.
All types of evaporation and condensation heat pump has two temperature levels, with expansion valve or capillary blood pressure refrigerant to achieve savings, but different forms of pressure to increase, mainly mechanical compression, thermal compression and steam injection compression. Among them, the mechanical compression heat pump, also called electric heat pump, is already widely used in building heating and air conditioning, heat pump market in a dominant position; thermal compression heat pump, including absorption and adsorption of two types, of which the water? Lithium bromide absorption and ammonia? water absorption of hot water units have gradually embarked on the road of commercial development, while the adsorption heat pump is still in the research and development phase, but also must overcome the intermittent operation and system performance and cooling issues such as weight ratio of low to really applied to practical. According to the different forms of heat source, heat pumps can be divided into air-source heat pump, Water Source Heat Pump , Ground source heat pump and solar heat and so on. Foreign literature usually groundwater heat pumps, surface water and ground source heat pump heat pump referred to as Ground Source Heat Pump .
Editor: Sub Yoon
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