Head – 940nm diode laser module – green laser module 532nm manufacturer
Cultural importance
A typical human head
For humans, the head and particularly the face are the main distinguishing feature between different people, due to their easily discernible features such as hair and eye color, nose, eye and mouth shapes, wrinkles, etc. However, human faces may seem easily differentiable to us only because we are so familiar with them; when observing a relatively unfamiliar species, all faces seem to be nearly identical. Additionally, human infants are biologically programmed to recognize subtle differences in human faces.
People who are more intelligent than normal are sometimes depicted in cartoons as having bigger heads, as a way of indicating that they have a larger brain; in science fiction, an extraterrestrial having a big head is often symbolic of high intelligence. Outside of this symbolic depiction, however, advances in neurobiology have shown that the functional diversity of the brain means that a difference in overall brain size is not a reliable indicator of how much, if any, difference in overall intelligence exists between two humans.
The head is a source for many metaphors and metonymies in human language, including referring to things which are often located near the human head ( “the head of the bed”), things which are physically similar to the way an animal’s (or human’s) head is arranged spatially vis-a-vis its body (“the head of the table”), even if this is so metaphorically (“the head of the class/FBI”), and things which represent some characteristic we associate with the head, such as intelligence (“there are a lot of good heads in this company”). These examples are all from English, but only some are possible expressions in other languages (depending on the language). (See Lakoff and Johnson 1980, 1999)
The ancient Greeks had a method for evaluating sexual attractiveness based on the Golden Ratio, part of which included measurements of the head.
Clothing
In many cultures, covering the head is seen as a sign of respect. Often, some or all of the head must be covered and veiled when entering holy places, or places of prayer. For many centuries, women in Europe, the Middle East, and South Asia have covered their hair as a sign of modesty. This trend has changed drastically in Europe in the 20th century, although is still observed in other parts of the world. In addition, a number of religious paths require men to wear specific head clothinguch as the Jewish yarmulke, or the Sikh turban; or Muslim women, who cover their hair, ears, and neck with a scarf.
Different headpieces can also signify status, origin, religious/spiritual beliefs, social grouping, occupation, and fashion choices.
Anthropometry
Static adult human physical characteristics of the head.
See also
Head and neck anatomy
Notes
^ Brain Size and Intelligence
References
Campbell, Bernard Grant. Human Evolution: An Introduction to Man’s Adaptations (4th edition), ISBN 0-202-02042-8
External links
Look up head in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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List of muscles of head and neck: the head (TA A04.1, GA 4.378)
Extraocular (CN III, IV, VI)
oblique (inferior, superior) rectus (superior, inferior, medial, lateral) levator palpebrae superioris (superior tarsal)
Mastication (CN V3)
masseter temporalis (sphenomandibularis) pterygoid (lateral, medial)
fascia: Masseteric fascia Temporal fascia
Facial (CN VII)
Ear
auricular (anterior, superior, posterior) temporoparietalis
Scalp/eyelid
occipitofrontalis (occipitalis, frontalis) orbicularis oculi (depressor supercilii) corrugator supercilii
fascia: Galea aponeurotica
Nose
procerus nasalis (dilatator naris) depressor septi nasi levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
Mouth
levator anguli oris levator labii superioris zygomaticus (major, minor)
orbicularis oris risorius buccinator
depressor anguli oris depressor labii inferioris mentalis
Mouth/throat (CN IX, X, XI)
(except TVP=V3)
Soft palate
veli palatini (tensor, levator) musculus uvulae palatopharyngeus (to pharynx) palatoglossus (to tongue)
Tongue (CN XII)
extrinsic (genioglossus, hyoglossus/chondroglossus, styloglossus, and palatoglossus) intrinsic (superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse, vertical)
Categories: Head and neck
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